Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on maternal and perinatal outcome at tertiary care center in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Authors

  • Meghavini R. Parmar Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GMERS Medical College, ESIC Hospital, Bapunagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
  • Pradhyuman Vaja Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GMERS Medical College, ESIC Hospital, Bapunagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174460

Keywords:

ANC care, Eclampsia, Maternal complication, Pregnancy induced hypertension, Preeclampsia, Perinatal complication

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological event for utmost women. Almost 20% - 30% of the adult population and more than 5% - 8% of all pregnancies in the world suffered from hypertension (HTN) and 5% - 22% of all pregnancies have develop some kind of medical problem due to hypertensive. To study the prevalence of PIH and to find out the association of PIH with perinatal and maternal outcome.

Methods: Prospective study was done among 110 cases of PIH admitted at department of obstetrics and Gynecology in B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad during July 2005 to July 2007. Hypertension was identified based on the definition by the Australian Society of the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy and that of the Working Group Report on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy, which establish blood pressure levels > 140/90 mmHg or hypertension diagnosis marked on the record.

Results: Almost 44% participants had mild PIH and 56% had severe PIH. Almost 32% participants had grade I changes and 29% had grade II changes. Low birth weight was found in 53% baby. Maternal complication observed in 16% participants. Out of 16 patients, highest incidence of eclampsia was observed followed by APH, DIC respectively. One incidence of maternal death also occurred. Perinatal complications were observed in 46% cases which include IUGR (60.9%), birth asphyxia (8.7%), RDS (4.3%) and perinatal death (15.2%) respectively.

Conclusions: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is associated with multiple complications in the mother and baby, and particularly preterm delivery. Timely intervention of regular ANC check-up, nutrition, health education etc. can reduce the severity of PIH which lead to decrease in maternal and perinatal complications.

References

Chaim SRP, Oliveira SMJ, Kimura AF. Pregnancy-induced hypertension and the neonatal outcome. Acta Paul Enferm. 2008;21(1):53-8.

Cherney D, Nathan AH, Laufer LN, Roman AS. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Current Diagnosis and Treatment: Obstetr Gynecol. 11th Edition, Chapter 26; 2012.

Cunnigham FG, Leveno K, Bloom S. (2010) Willams Obstetrics. 23rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Medical Publishing Division, New York; 2010.

Vest AR and Cho LS. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Cardiology Clinics. 2012;30:407-423.

Wagner SJ, Barac S. and Garovic VD. (2007) Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders: Current Concepts. Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 2017;9: 560-6.

Henry CS, Biedermann SA, Campbell MF. and Guntupalli, J.S. Spectrum of hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy. Critical Care Clinics. 2004;20:697-712.

Chen XK, Wen SW, Smith G, Yang Q, Walker M. Pregnancy-induced hypertension is associated with lower infant mortality in preterm singletons. BJOG. 2006;113(5):544-51.

Brown MA, Hague WM, Higgins J, Lowe S, McCowan L, Oats J, et al. Austalasian Society of the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy. The detection, investigation and management of hypertension in pregnancy: full consensus statement. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;40(2):139-55.

Ching-Ming Liu, Po-jen Cheng, Sheuenn-Dyh Chang. Maternal Complications and Perinatal Outcomes associated with Gestational Hypertension and Severe Preeclamsia in Taiwanese Women. J Formes Medic Associat. 2008;107(2):129-38.

Working Group Report on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health; 2000. (NIH Publication No.00-3029).

Oliveira CA, Lins CP, Sá RA, Netto HC, Bornia RG, Silva NR, Amim Junior J. Síndromes hipertensivas da gestação e repercussões perinatais. Rev. bras. saúde matern. infant. 2006;6(1):93-8.

Jophy R, Thomas A, Jairaj P. J obstet and gynae of India. 2002;52(5):26-9.

Sivakumar S, Bhat BV, Badhe BA. Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on mothers and their babies. The Ind J Pediatr. 2007;74(7):623-5.

Gadapaa S. Critical care and obstetric management in eclampsia in a teaching hospital, Abstract, free communication paper, 42nd all India congress of obstetric and gynecology; 1998.

Sibai B, Dekker G, Kupferminc M. Pre-eclampsia. The Lancet. 2005;365(9461):785-99.

Bansal D, Deodhar P. A clinical study of maternal and perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios. J Res Med Den Sci. 2015;3(4):312-6.

Khosravi Sl, Dabiran S, Lotfl M, Asnavandy M. Study of the Prevalence of Hypertension and Complications of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy. Open J Preventive Medic. 2014;4:860-7.

Downloads

Published

2017-09-23

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles