Incidence and outcome of anemia in pregnant women: a study in a tertiary care centre

Authors

  • V. G. Vanamala Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VRK Women’s Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Aziz Nagar, Rangareddy, Hyderabad, India
  • Aruna Rachel Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VRK Women’s Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Aziz Nagar, Rangareddy, Hyderabad, India
  • Sushil Pakyanadhan Department of Pathology, Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences, Peerancheru, Hyderabad, India
  • Somavathi . Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VRK Women’s Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Aziz Nagar, Rangareddy, Hyderabad, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180155

Keywords:

Anemia, Incidence, Multigravida, Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency diseases observed globally affecting both developed and developing countries with major consequences for human health as well as social and economic development. Prevention and management of maternal anemia is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality of the fetus.

Methods: The patient history was taken in detail, including age weight and height. BMI was calculated for all the 296 patients who were booked for delivery in our hospital. On enrolment, blood was drawn from the patient for regular check including blood grouping, biochemical parameters including iron estimation, total iron binding capacity, complete blood picture including hemoglobin. Any cause for bleeding was evaluated.

Results: 143 patients (48.3%) had a haemoglobin count of less than 10gm%. Most of the anemic patients had moderate anemia followed by women with mild anemia. The most common age group affected was 20-30 years, which was the predominant age group of pregnant patients who had come to our hospital. Most of the women had multi gravida, with 3 being the most common followed by 1 earlier pregnancy. In most of the cases, the interval between 2 consecutive pregnancies was 1 year or less.

Conclusions: Anemia is directly proportional to parity, less spacing between pregnancies and related to lower educational status.

References

World Health Organization/United Nations University/UNICEF: Iron deficiency anemia, assessment, prevention and control: a guide for programme managers. Geneva: WHO;2001.

WHO: Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life, The World health report., Geneva, Switzerland;2001.

Aziz-Karim S, Khursheed M, Rizvi JH, Jafarey SN, Siddiqui RI. Anaemia in pregnancy: a study of 709 women in Karachi, Pakistan. Trop Doct. 1990;20:184-5.

WHO. Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention and Control. World Health Organisation, Geneva;2001.

Kalaivani K. Prevalence and consequences of anemia in pregnancy. Indian J Med Res. 2009;130:627-33.

Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster J. Robbins and Cotran pathological basis of diseases. 8th ed. PA Saunders/Elsevier; 2010:640-1.

Lee AI, Okam MM. Anemia in pregnancy. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2011;25(2):241-59.

Fareh OI, Rizk DE, Thomas L, Berg B. Obstetric impact of anaemia in pregnant women in United Arab Emirates. J Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Jul;25(5):440-4.

Baysal E. Molecular basis of β-thalassemia in the United Arab Emirates. Hemoglobin. 2011;35(5-6):581-8.

Milman N. Prepartum aneamia. prevention and treatment. Annal Hematol. 2008 Dec 1;87(12):949-59.

Larocque R, Gyorkos TW. Should deworming be included in antenatal packages in hookworm-endemic areas of developing countries?. Canadian Journal of Public Health/Revue Canadienne de Sante'e Publique. 2006 May 1:222-4.

Koura GK, Ouedraogo S, Le Port A, Watier L, Cottrell G, Guerra J et al. Anaemia during pregnancy: impact on birth outcome and infant haemoglobin level during the first 18 months of life. Trop Medi Int Health. 2012 Mar;17(3):283-91.

Cheema HK, Bajwa BS, Kaur K, Joshi H. Prevalence and possible risk factors of anaemia in different trimesters of pregnancy. IJCMR. 2016;3(4):1194-7.

Singh AB, Kandpal SD, Chandra R, Srivastava VK, Negi KS. Anemia amongst pregnant and lactating women in district Dehradun. Indian J Prev Soc Med. 2009;1:19-22.

Kefiyalew F, Zemene E, Asres Y, Gedefaw L. Anemia among pregnant women in Southeast Ethiopia: prevalence, severity and associated risk factors. BMC research notes. 2014 Nov;7(1):771.

Alem M, Enawgaw B, Gelaw A, Kena T, Seid M, Olkeba Y. Prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in azezo health center Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. J Interdiscipl Histopathol. 2013;1:137-44.

Buseri FI, Uko EK, Jeremiah ZA, Usanga EA. Prevalence and risk factors of anemia among pregnant women in Nigeria. Open Hematol J. 2008;2:14-9.

Karaoglu L, Pehlivan E, Egri M, Deprem C, Gunes G, Genc MF et al. The prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy in an east Anatolian province, Turkey. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:329.

Rammohan A, Awofeso N, Robitaille MC. Addressing female iron-deficiency anaemia in india: is vegetarianism the major obstacle. ISRN Public Health. 2011:1-8.

Singh R, Singh AK, Gupta AC, Singh HK. Correlates of anemia in pregnant women. Indian J Commun health. 2015;27:351-5.

Zama I, Argungu IB, Yakubu A, Taylor JR, Erhabor O, Suzette U. Socio-demographic and obstetric factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Sokoto, North Western Nigeria. Am Assoc Sci Technol. 2014;1(5):119-26.

Downloads

Published

2018-01-23

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles