Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B infection among pregnant women in South India

Authors

  • Sathiyakala Rajendiran Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India
  • Ushadevi Gopalan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India
  • Karthika Jayakumar Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20164668

Keywords:

Hepatitis B surface antigen, Pregnant women, Perinatal transmission, Seroprevalence

Abstract

Background: Vertical transmission of infection from mother to infants is a very important route of transmission of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women usually goes undetected. The hepatitis B surface antigen in serum is the first seromarker to indicate active HBV infection. This study was done to determine the seroprevalence of HBsAg in healthy asymptomatic antenatal women.

Methods: It was a hospital based study over a period of two years. A total of 1282 antenatal patients were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen.

Results: The prevalence rate of HBsAg was found to be 1.01 %( 13 positive out of 1282 cases). Highest prevalence was in age group 26-30(46%) followed by age group 31-35(30.8%) followed by age group 20-25 yrs (23.1%).

Conclusions: Screening of all pregnant women for HBV irrespective of risk factors will reduce the prevalence and risks of HBV infection.

References

WHO: Hepatitis B. Fact Sheet No.204. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2011.

Alam MM, Zaidi SZ, Malik SA, Naeem A, Shaukat S, Sharif S, et al. Serology based disease status of Pakistani population infected with Hepatitis B virus. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2007;7:64.

Teo E-K, Lok ASF. Epidemiology, transmission and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection. In Up-to-date. Edited by Basow DS. Waltham, MA: Up to Date: 2009.

World Health Organization. Hepatitis B vaccines. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2009;40:405-20.

Lodha R, Jain Y, Anand K, Kabra SK, Pandav CS. Hepatitis B in India: A review of disease epidemiology. Indian Pediatrics. 2001;38(4):349-71.

Batham A, Narula D, Toteja T, Sreenivas V, Puliyel JM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of hepatitis B in India. Indian Pediatrics. 2007:44(9):663-74.

Zhu R, Zhang H, Yu H, Li H, Ling YQ, Hu XQ. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204:731-42.

Horvat RT, Tegtmeier GE. Hepatitis B and D viruses. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA and Yolken RH.editors. Washington D.C: ASM Press. 2003:1464-78.

Vazquez-Martinez JL, Coreno-Juarez MO, Montano-Estrada LF, Attlan M, Gomez-Dantes H. Seroprevalencia de hepatitis B en mujeres embarazadas en Mexico. Salud Publica Mexico. 2003;45:165-70.

Schweitzer IL. Vertical transmission of hepatitis B surface antigen. Am J Med Sci. 1975;270:287-91.

Olaitan AO, Zamani LG. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in antenatal-patients in Gwagwalada-Abuja, Nigeria. Report and Opinion. 2010;2(7):48-50.

Viral hepatitis in pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology. ACOG Practice bulletin No.86. 2007;110(4):941-56.

Lee C, Gong Y, Brok J, Boxall EH, Gluud C. Effect of hepatitis B immunization in newborn infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2006;332(7537):328-36.

Yohanes T, Zerdo Z. Seroprevalence and Predictors of hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women attending Routine Antenatal Care in Arba Minch Hospital , South Ethiopia. Hepatitis Research and Treatment. 2016: article ID: 9290163.

Atashili J. Prevalence of HBsAg and knowledge about hepatitis B in pregnancy in the Buea Health District, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. BMC Research Notes. 2014;7:394.

Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnancy: U.S. Preventive services task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement. Annals of internal Medicine. 2009;150(12):869-74.

Dwivedi M, Misra SP. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection during pregnancy and risk of perinatal transmission. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011;30:66.

Shyamala R, Janardhan Rao R. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a teaching hospital. J Microbiol Biotech Res. 2012;2(2):343-5.

Chatterjee S, Ravishankar K, Chaterjee R, Narang A, Kinikar A. Hepatitis B prevalence during pregnancy. Indian Pediatr. 2009;46:1005-8.

Pande C, Sarin SK, Patra S. Prevalence, risk factors and virological profile of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women in India. J Med Virol. 2011;83:962-7.

Sibia P. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection among Pregnant Women in One of the Institute of Northern India. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2016;10(8):QC08-9.

Prakash C, Sharma RS, Bhatia R, Verghese T, Datta KK. Prevalence of North India of hepatitis B carrier state amongst pregnant women. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998;29:80-4.

Indian Association for Study of the Liver (INSAL). Hepatitis B in India; therapeutic options and prevention strategies-Consensus statement .Indian J Gastroenterol. 2000;19:C4-66.

Bayo P, Ochola E. High Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care: a cross-sectional study in two hospitals in Northern Uganda. BMJ Open. 2014;4:e005889.

Chakravarti D, Rawat M. A Study on the perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2005;23(2):128-30.

Downloads

Published

2016-12-20

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles