Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancy associated with placenta previa

Authors

  • Jyoti Gupta Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
  • Jyoti Hak Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
  • Anuradha . Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
  • Harleen . Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
  • Lakshay Mehta Department of Radiology, Fortis Memorial Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20220182

Keywords:

Placenta previa, Maternal, Fetal outcome

Abstract

Background: Placenta previa is associated with increased maternal and perinatal complications like malpresentation, premature labor, higher rates of caesarean section, peripartum hysterectomies, postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, shock and retained placenta and even death. Antepartum haemorrhage may frequently result in low birth weight babies, preterm labour or repeated small events of haemorrhage causing chronic placental insufficiency and foetal growth retardation or intrauterine fetal death.

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, SMGS, hospital, Jammu over a period of 1 year. All admitted cases of placenta previa were included in the study.

Results: The total numbers of deliveries in one our hospital were 18567 during the study period. 364 patients admitted with antepartum heamorrhage so the incidence of APH in our hospital was 1.96%. 157 cases out of 346 were of placenta previa. It was observed that placenta previa cases were highest in the maternal age group of 26-30 yrs, i.e. 55.42%, 71.97% were multigravidae and 26.75% with prior caesarean section. 15.92% had undergone peripartum hysterectomy due to massive PPH. The percentage of perinatal death was 18.23% and the main cause was prematurity.

Conclusions: Based upon observation made during this study, it is concluded that placenta previa is a serious condition with significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Improvements in management of placenta previa have helped in improving neonatal survival and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.

References

Amitava RS, Saikat SR, Biswajit N, Gourab M, Jayanta M. Management of obstetric haemorrhage. Med J Anaes. 2010;20(4):499-508.

Lamina MA, Oladapo OT. Maternal and fetal outcome of obstectric emergencies in a territory health institution in South -Western Nigeria. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;10:932-7.

Arias F, Daftary SN, Bhide GA. Bleeding during pregnancy. In: Practical guide to high risk pregnancy and delivery. 3rd ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2008:323-57.

Cunningham FG, Kenneth JL, Steven LB, Dashe LB, Spong CY, Hoffman BL, et al. Obstetrical haemorrhage. In: Williams Obstetrics, 24th ed. New York, McGraw Hill, 2014:780 -829.

Oppenheimer LW, Farine D. A new Classification of placenta Previa: measuring progress in obstetrics. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(3):227-9.

Dola CP, Longo SA. Diagnosis and safe management of placenta previa. OBG Manage. 2006;18(10):77-95 .

O’Brien JM. Placenta previa, placenta accrete and vasa previa . Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(1):203-4.

Ananth CV, Demissie K, Smulian JC, Vintzileos AM. Placenta previa on singleton and twin births in the United States, 1989 through 1998: A comparison of risk factor profiles and associated conditions . Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;188(1):275-81.

Getahun D, Oyelese Y, Salihu HM, Ananth CV. Previous Caesarean Delivery and Risk of Placenta Previa and Placental Abruption. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107(4):771-78.

Berkowitz GS, Ananth CV, Savitz DA, Lapinski RH. Placental abruption and adverse perinatal outcome. JAMA. 1999;282:1646-51.

Singhal S, Nymphaea A, Nanda S. Maternal and perinatal outcome in Antepartum Haemorrhage : a study at a tertiary care referral institute . Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2007;9(2).

Siddiqui SA, Tariq G, Soomro N, Shiekh A, Hasnain FS, Memon KA . Perinatal outcome and near-miss morbidity between placenta praevia versus abruptio placenta. J Coll Phys Surg Pak. 2011;21(2):79-83.

Sarella LK, Chinta AJ. A study on maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa. Sch J App Med Sci. 2014;2(5A):1555-8.

Arora R, Devi U, Majumder , Perinatal morbidity and mortality in Antepartum haemorrhage. J Obstet Gynecol India. 2001;51(3):102-4.

Bhide AG, venkatraman V, Daftary SN. Factors affecting perinatal outcome in Antepartum hemorrhage. J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;40(1):517-20.

Kalam F, Faruq MO, Chawdhary SB. Maternal and perintal mortality, morbidity and risk factor evaluation in ante partum hemorrhage associated with Placenta previa, Bangladesh. Crit Care J. 2013;1(2): 65-70.

Chufamo N, Segni H, Alemayehu YK. Incidence, Contributing factor and outcomes of antepartum hemorrhage. Uni J Pub Health. 2015;3(4):153-9.

Khosla A, Dahiya V, Sangwan K, Rathore S. Perinatal outcome in antepartum hemorrhage. J Obstet Gynecol India. 1989;9(2):71-3.

Sheikh F, Abbas S, Sirichan P. A study of antepartum haemorrhage: maternal and perinatal outcomes. Med. channel Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;16(2):268-71.

Kalavati GJ, Kulkarni AP, Mundada S. Study of perinatal outcome in relation to APH. Intern J Rec Trends in Sci Tech. 2014;11(3):355-8.

Downloads

Published

2022-01-28

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles