Prevalence and phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome among patients attending gynaecology clinic in two referral hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Jean Dupont Ngowa Kemfang; Jacques Yann Omgba Omgba; Esther Um Ngo; Cyrille Armel Nono Chebu; Jovanny Tsuala Fouogue; Ombaku Kingsley; Sobngwi Eugène

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20220152

Authors

Jean Dupont Ngowa Kemfang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Jacques Yann Omgba Omgba Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Esther Um Ngo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Cyrille Armel Nono Chebu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Jovanny Tsuala Fouogue Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Ombaku Kingsley Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Sobngwi Eugène Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20220152

Keywords:

Polycystic ovary syndrome, Hyperandrogenism, Amenorrhea, Oligomenorrhea, Infertility

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynaecological endocrine disease in women at reproductive age. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and phenotypes of PCOS among women attending gynecology clinic at the two referral hospitals in Yaoundé.

Methods: It was a cross sectional retrospective study involving women attending the gynecology clinic of two referral hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon from January 2016 to March 2018. The socio-demographic information, clinical and laboratory characteristics of each patient were collected from the medical files.

Results: A total of 143 patients diagnosed with PCOS were included. The prevalence of PCOS was estimated at 3.5%. The mean age of patients was 29.18±4.5 years with a range of 17 to 41 years. Most patients were either overweight (31.7%) or obese (43%) and 0.7% patients were underweight. The most frequent presentations of PCOS patients were infertility (74.1%), oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea (68.5%), hirsutism (62,9%) and acne (20.3%). The different phenotypes represented were classical phenotype A: 69% (99/143), phenotype B: 17% (24/143), phenotype C: 09% (13/143) and phenotype D: 05% (07/143). Medical treatment (76.9%) and general measures (23.1%) were the most frequent therapeutic options among PCOS patients. In vitro fertilization (08.4%) and surgical drilling (07%) was also used.

Conclusions: Prevalence of PCOS in our setting is 3.5%. The classical phenotype A is the most common. It is important to think about PCOS in women attending gynecology clinic.

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