Study of maternal and foetal outcome in COVID-19 anaemic patients during COVID pandemic in a tertiary centre

Authors

  • Niranjan Chavan Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
  • Umme Ammara Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
  • Deepali Kapote Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sion Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
  • Prasad Deshmukh Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
  • Ashwini Sakhalkar Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20221295

Keywords:

COVID-19, COVID-19 in pregnancy, Anaemia in pregnancy, Anaemia, COVID-19 and anaemia

Abstract

Background: The haemoglobin concentration is one of the most critical indicators of the blood's oxygen-carrying ability. Due to the hypermetabolic condition produced by infection, anaemia in COVID-19 positive pregnant women might result in tissue hypoxia due to increased peripheral tissue oxygen demands. Complications such as multi-organ failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome can worsen the prognosis. Since hemoglobin is necessary for tissue oxygenation, anaemia may have a substantial impact on the prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, where tissue hypoxia develops as a result of disease pathogenesis. Aim of the current study was to study the effect of COVID-19 on pregnant women with anaemia in pregnancy, including symptoms and foetomaternal outcome in patients admitted to a tertiary care facility.

Methods: Observational study done on pregnant females in labour and post-delivery patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection using the SARS COV-2 nasopharyngeal reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from 1st April 2020 to 30th June 2021. The required demographic, clinical details and haemoglobin levels were obtained, and selected participants were followed up until they were discharged.

Results: In our study, out of 58 women, who had anaemia in pregnancy with COVID-19 infection delivering 59 neonates (1set of twins), 55.5% were in the age group of 25-35 years, 77% reached full term pregnancy and 67% were multigravida. 51.7 % patients were transferred from periphery hospitals. Delivery was by caesarean section in 61% and 39% delivered vaginally. 38.8% neonates delivered had birthweight of <2.5 kg out of which 20% had intrauterine growth restriction and 22.4 % were preterm. 3.4% stillbirth were reported. No maternal deaths were reported.

Conclusions: From our study, maternal and neonatal outcome were unaffected by anaemia in COVID-19 pregnant women. Severely anaemic patients with comorbidities should be transferred to centres with appropriate neonatal intensive care facilities for delivery.

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Published

2022-04-27

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Original Research Articles