Prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology on liquid-based cytology in women attending gynecology OPD at Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Authors

  • Savithri D. R. Department of OBG, KIMS Hospital Research and Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
  • Sankalpa A. J. Department of OBG, KIMS Hospital Research and Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-0321

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20221921

Keywords:

LBC, Pap smear, Abnormal cervical cytology

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer ranks fourth among all malignancies and it is the most common gynecological cancer in women worldwide. In India, cancer cervix is the most common gynecological cancer and accounts for about 1.8 per 100000 populations. Precancerous lesion of cervix precedes carcinoma cervix and can be picked up on cytology. Cervical cytology has proven itself to be the main weapon of defense against this disease and is been in use since 50 years. Objectives of this study are to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the women who had cervical cytology and to determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical smears on liquid-based cytology among women attending gynecology OPD at KIMS hospital and Research Centre.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KIMS Hospital and Research Centre. All data about the patient were recorded in a predetermined proforma. The cervical smear sample was collected using an endocervical brush and then immersed in a thin prep solution and was sent to cytopathology lab, Department of Pathology, KIMS Hospital and Research Centre for further processing using the EZIPREP technique.

Results: The study included 100 cervical smears in total. Females ranged in age from 21 to 65 years. All cervical smears were evaluated. The current study found inflammatory smears, infectious and smears with epithelial cell abnormalities. The most common organism noted was Candida albicans. The age group with the highest prevalence of epithelial cell abnormality was 41-50years. The most common epithelial cell abnormality in the present study is Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.

Conclusions: Out of the 100 LBC smears studied, the majority (67) of the smears studied were inflammatory. Epithelial cell abnormalities were found in 4 cases and the most common age group of epithelial abnormalities was the fifth decade.

Author Biographies

Savithri D. R., Department of OBG, KIMS Hospital Research and Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Deaprtment of OBG

Sankalpa A. J., Department of OBG, KIMS Hospital Research and Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Department of OBG

References

Williams Gynecology, 4th edition

Howkins and Bourne, Shaw’s Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th edition.

Monsonego J, Autillo-Touati A, Bergeron C, Dachez R, Liaras J, Saurel J, et al. Liquid-based cytology for primary cervical cancerscreening: a multi-centre study. British J Cancer. 2001;84(3):360-6.

Richart RM, Barron BA. A follow up study of patients with cervical dysplasia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1969;105(3):386-93.

Bal MS, Goyal R, Suri AK, Mohi MK. Detection of abnormal cervical cytology in papanicolaou smears. J Cytol. 2012;29 (1):45-7.

Shobana R, Saranya B. Comparison of Conventional Papanicolaou Smear and Liquid-based Cytology for Cervical Cancer Screening. Int J Sci Stud. 2019;6(12):64-73.

Bojgua S, Kldiashvili E. Liquid based cytology cervical cancer screening program - Georgian experience. Arch Cancer Res. 2016;4(3):89-95.

Olatunbosun OA, Ayangade SO, Okwerekwu GA. Cytologic Screening for Cervical Neoplasia in Pregnancy. Tropical J Obstetrics Gynaecol. 1985;5:63-6.

Sachan PL, Singh M, Patel ML, Sachan R. A study on cervical cancer screening using pap smear test and clinical correlation. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5(3):337-41.

Sherwani RK, Khan T, Akhtar K, Zeba A, Siddiqui FA, Rahman K, et al. Conventional Pap Smear and Liquid Based Cytology for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Comparative Study. J Cytol. 2007;24(4):167-72.

Singh VB, Gupta N, Nijhawan R, Srinivasan R, Suri V, Rajwanshi A. Liquid-based cytology versus conventional cytology for evaluation of cervical Pap smears: Experience from the first 1000 split samples. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015;58(1):1721.

Singh A, Joshi C, Kujur P, Chandrakar K, Shrivastava S. Liquid-based Cytology versus Conventional Cytology for Evaluation of Cervical Cytology in a Tertiary Care Centre of Chhattisgarh. Int J Sci Stud. 2016;4(9):161-7.

Siebers AG, Klinkhamer PJ, Grefte JM, Massuger LF, Vedder JE, Beijers-Broos A, et al. Comparison of liquid-based cytology with conventional cytology for detection of cervical cancer precursors: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;302(16):1757-64.

Chinaka CC, Abudullahi M, Mohammed OM. A comparative study on the use of liquid-based cytology and conventional PAP smear in cervical screening. J Med Med Res. 2014;2(4):40-50.

Nigerio SE, Eze JN, Emeke-Trem EN, Edegbe FO. A six-year study of the clinical presentation of cervical cancer and the management challenges encountered at a state teaching hospital. Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2013;7:151-8.

Zhu J, Norman I, Elfgren K, Gaberi V, Hagmar B, Hjerpe A, et al. A comparison of liquid-based cytology and pap smearas a screening method for cervical cancer. Oncol Rep. 2007;18(1):157-60.

İlter E, Midi A, Haliloğlu B, Çelik A, Yener AN, Ulu İ, et al. Comparison of conventional and liquid-based cytology: Do the diagnostic benefits outweigh the financial aspect? Turk J Med Sci. 2012;42(1):1200-6.

Khamankar ST, Belekar V, Bangal VM, Baniskar SR. Cervical cancer screening: Risk factors for cervical neoplasia among rural women of Nanded Maharashtra. Innov J Med Health Sci. 2014;4(1):312-6.

Macharid HC, Chaseem EJ, Bukiri E, Muchiri L. A comparative analysis of conventional PAP smear cytologyliquid based cytology and colposcopy clinical impression with colposcopy biopsy histology as gold standard in women undergoing colposcopy in Kenyatta national hospital. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2014;3(1):58-63.

Almonte M, Ferreccio C, Winkler JL, Cuzick J, Tsu V, Robles S, et al. Cervical cancer screening by visual inspection, HPV testing, liquid based and conventional cytology in Amazonian Peru. Int J Cancer. 2007;121(4):796-802.

Sharma P, Rahi M, Lal P. A community-based cervical cancer screening program among women of Delhi using camp approach. Indian J Community Med. 2010;35(1):86-8.

Downloads

Published

2022-07-27

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles