Evaluate the effect of maternal obesity on fetal outcome:  an observational study in tertiary health care centre

Vrunda Vijaykumar Gandhi; Anjani Shrivastava; Falguni Patel

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20230820

Authors

Vrunda Vijaykumar Gandhi Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
Anjani Shrivastava Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
Falguni Patel Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20230820

Keywords:

Birth weight, Fetal outcome, NICU admission, Obesity, Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: Excess weight gain during transitional period leads to an adolescent girl at increased risk of maintaining unhealthy levels of body fat in childbearing years. Prevalence of obesity increases among reproductive age group female and so in pregnant women also with current estimate 20 to 36%. Obesity during pregnancy affects its outcome. It puts mother as well as fetus into complication. Objectives were to find out the effect of obesity on fetal outcome and to study the demographic profile of obese women.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted during January 2021 to April 2021 for four months in department of obstetrics and gynecology. As per convenient sampling technique 50 women were enrolled as study participants. Data regarding fetal outcome were collected like baby weight, NICU admission, indications for NICU and its outcome. Percentage was used to analyze data.

Results: The 16% newborn was having birth weight more than 3.5 kg. 26% new borne were needed NICU admission due to complications like fetal distress, jaundice, prematurity, IUGR, septicemia etc.

Conclusions: maternal obesity affects fetal outcome and also one of the risk factor for maternal complications. Pregnancy with high BMI is high risk pregnancy; these should be managed at tertiary health care center with well-equipped HDU and neonatal intensive care unit.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

World health organization. Obesity and overweight. 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight. Accessed on 25th December, 2022.

Hochberg Z, Belsky J. Evo-devo of human adolescence: Beyond disease models of early puberty. BMC Med. 2013;11.

Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):766-81.

Jain D, Khuteta R, Chaturvedi V, Khuteta S. Effect of body massindex on pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous women deliveringsingleton babies: observational study. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2012;62(4):429-31.

Dasgupta A, Harichandrakumar KT, Habeebullah S. Pregnancy outcome among obese Indians-a prospective cohort study in a tertiary care centre in south India. Int J Sci Study. 2014;2(2):13-8.

Quiner T, Perlow JH. The global burden of obesity on pregnancy outcomes in the developed world [17Q]. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;1(129):177S.

Doherty DA, Magann EF, Francis J, Morrison JC, Newnham JP. Prepregnancy body mass index and pregnancy outcomes. Int J Gynae Obst. 2006;95(3):242-7.

Callaway LK, Prins JB, Chang AM, McIntyre HD. The prevalence and impact of overweight and obesity in an Australian obstetric population. Med J Australia. 2006;184(2):56-9.

Galtier-Dereure F, Boegner C, Bringer J. Obesity and pregnancy: complications and cost. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(5):1242S-8S.

Kabiru W, Raynor BD. Obstetric outcomes associated with increase in BMI category during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191:928-32.

Vanlalfeli, Zosangpuii.Study of maternal and fetal outcome in obesity complicating pregnancy. Int J Contem Med Res. 2020;7(2):B1-5.

Abenhaim HA, Kinch RA, Morin L, Benjamin A, Usher R. Effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index categories on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes. Gynec Obst. 2003;21(1):24-8.

Ahmed SR, Ellah MAA, Mohamed OA, Eid HM. Pre-pregnancy obesity and pregnancy outcome. Int J Health Sci. 2000;3(2):15-9.

Morgan KL, Rahman MA, Hill RA, Zhou SM, Bijlsma G et al. Physical activity and excess weight in pregnancy have independent and uniqueeffects on delivery and perinatal outcomes. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):94532.

Vinturache AE, Mcdonald S, Slater D, Tough S. Perinatal outcomes of maternal overweight and obesity in term infants: a population-based cohort study in Canada. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9334.

Kiran TS, Hemmadi S, Bethel J, Evans J. Outcome of pregnancy in a woman with an increased body mass index. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaec. 2005;112:768-70.

John J, Mahendran M. Maternal and fetal outcomes of obese pregnant women: a prospective cohort study. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6:725-9.

Rougée LR, Miyagi SJ, Collier AC. Obstetric obesity is associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia with high prevalence in native Hawaiians and pacific island women. Hawaii J Med Pub Heal. 2016;75(12):373.

Radhakrishnan U, Kolar G, Nirmalan PK. Cross-sectional study of gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women at a tertiary care center in southern India. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014;40:25-31.