Predictors of eclampsia among preeclamptic patients: a case control study in Yaounde, Cameroon

Authors

  • Jeanne Hortence Fouedjio Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon
  • Pascal Foumane Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon
  • Jovanny Tsuala Fouogue Douala Gynaeco Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, PO Box: 7270 Douala-Cameroon
  • Veronique Jordane Mboua Ndenga Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon
  • Florent Ymele Fouelifack Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon; Research, Education and Health Development Group, Gares falaise, Dschang, Cameroon; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Higher Institute of Medical Technology of Nkolondom, Yaoundé, Cameroon
  • Agnès Esiene à Bissene Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon; Department of surgery and specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon
  • Philip Njotang Nana Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon
  • Loïc Dongmo Fouelifa Faculty of Medicine, University of Lomé, Togo, School of Armies Health Services of Lomé, Togo
  • Robinson Enow Mbu Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon
  • Emile Télesphore Mboudou Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, BO Box: 1364 Cameroon; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Higher Institute of Medical Technology of Nkolondom, Yaoundé, Cameroon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20162094

Keywords:

Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia, Predictors, Hypertension, Pregnancy, Cameroon

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal mortality. Eclampsia is a dramatic complication of preeclampsia. This study aimed at identifying clinical predictors of eclampsia among preeclamptic patients.

Methods: We carried out a case-control study from November 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015 in six health facilities in Yaounde. Cases were women who have had eclamptic seizures antepartum, perpartum or within 48 hours of delivery. Controls were preeclamptic women who did not convulse till 48 hours after delivery. Unadjusted and adjusted Odds Ratios were calculated.

Results: After univariable analysis the following parameters were associated with eclampsia: headache (uOR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4-6.2) and absence of stable income (uOR: 17.6; 95% CI: 6.2-49.8). After multivariate analysis predictors of eclampsia among pre-eclamptic patients were: age <20 years (aOR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.0-5.9), family history of high blood pressure in the mother (aOR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.2-19.3), antenatal care by a nurse auxiliary (aOR: 9.3; 95% CI: 2.4-35.9), right upper abdominal quadrant pain (aOR: 9.9; 95% CI:1.2-77.9) visual disturbances (aOR:7.9; 95% CI: 2.3-26.9).

Conclusions: These predictors of eclampsia can be used for early initiation of aggressive preventive therapy in pre-eclamptic patients.

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Published

2017-02-23

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 7 (2016): July 2016

Section

Original Research Articles