Impact of sleep disturbance on maternal and foetal outcomes

Eva Aihun Mary Kharlyngdoh; Mary V. J.; N. Gayathiri; Jissy Paul E.

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20232759

Authors

Eva Aihun Mary Kharlyngdoh Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St John’s College of Nursing, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Mary V. J. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St John’s College of Nursing, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
N. Gayathiri Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St John’s College of Nursing, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Jissy Paul E. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St John’s College of Nursing, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20232759

Keywords:

Pregnancy, Sleep initiation and maintenance of sleep, Sleep apnoea, Restless leg syndrome, Hormonal impacts, Maternal outcome, Foetal outcomes, Changes in pregnancy, Sleep positions

Abstract

Sleep is a vital factor that regulates the physiology of the body in various aspects. During pregnancy, sleep problems are common. Sleep deprivation has been suggested by previous research to be associated with more adverse birth outcomes that impact both maternal and foetal outcomes. The purpose of this review is to analyse the current evidence regarding the effects of sleep deprivation during pregnancy. Quantitative studies were included and for this review, Google Scholar, PubMed and CINAHL were used to perform a literature search. A total of 38 articles were chosen for this review. Sleep deprivation may increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes in female residents due to long work hours. The initial approach to treating sleep disturbances during pregnancy is non-pharmacological. Sleep position is a major component that influences sleep quality and pregnancy outcome. Poor sleep hygiene during pregnancy can lead to a worsening of the mother, especially in the third trimester, which can have an impact on the outcome of the pregnancy. Maintaining good sleep hygiene is crucial. It has been proven by research that several non-pharmacological measures can enhance the circadian cycle. Further research with longitudinal study designs is required to examine the effect of sleep deprivation on adverse effects on the mother and foetus. Furthermore, additional research is needed to confirm the impact of sleep deprivation on the postpartum period.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Chang JJ, Pien GW, Duntley SP, Macones GA. Sleep deprivation during pregnancy and maternal and foetal outcomes: is there a relationship? Sleep Med Rev. 2010;14(2):107-14.

Hashmi AM, Bhatia SK, Bhatia SK, Khawaja IS. Insomnia during pregnancy: Diagnosis and Rational Interventions. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;32(4):1030-7.

Moretti P, Menculini G, Gonfia L. Sleep Disorders in Pregnancy. Sleep Medicine and the Evolution of Contemporary Sleep Pharmacotherapy. Intech Open. 2022.

Nakahara K, Michikawa T, Morokuma S, Ogawa M, Kato K, Sanefuji M, et al. Association of maternal sleep before and during pregnancy with sleep and developmental problems in 1-year-old infants. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):11834.

Suni E. How much sleep do we really need? Sleep Foundation. 2021. Available at: https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Anbesaw T, Abebe H, Kassaw C, Bete T, Molla A. Sleep quality and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020: cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):469.

Hashmi AM, Bhatia SK, Bhatia SK, Khawaja IS. Insomnia during pregnancy: diagnosis and rational interventions. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;32(4):1030.

Wong PF, D'Cruz R, Hare A. Sleep disorders in pregnancy. Breathe. 2022;18(2).

Saxena AK, Chilkoti GT, Singh A, Yadav G. Pregnancy-induced low back pain in Indian women: Prevalence, risk factors, and correlation with serum calcium levels. Anesth Essays Res. 2019;13(2):395-402.

Liddle SD, Pennick V. Interventions for preventing and treating low-back and pelvic pain during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;9:CD001139.

Michoński J, Walesiak K, Pakuła A, Glinkowski W, Sitnik R. Monitoring of spine curvatures and posture during pregnancy using surface topography - case study and suggestion of method. Scoliosis Spinal Disord. 2016;11(2):31.

Schröder G, Kundt G, Otte M, Wendig D, Schober H-C. Impact of pregnancy on back pain and body posture in women. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(4):1199-207.

Howell ER. Pregnancy-related symphysis pubis dysfunction management and postpartum rehabilitation: two case reports. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2012;56(2):102-11.

Al-Musharaf S. Changes in sleep patterns during pregnancy and predictive factors: A longitudinal study in Saudi women. Nutrients. 2022;14(13):2633.

Newsom R. Aging and sleep. Sleep Foundation. 2020. Available at: https://www.sleepfoundation.org/aging-and-sleep. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Daley K. How pregnancy hormones affect the body - today’s parent. Today’s Parent. SJC Media. 2018. Available at: https://www.todaysparent.com/ pregnancy/pregnancy-health/how-pregnancy-hormones-affect-your-body-in-each-trimester/. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS. Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA). In: Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. Elsevier. 2017.

Sleep disorders. Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11429-sleep-disorders. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Karger.com. Changes in the Maternal Hypothalamic Pituitary. Available at: https://karger.com/nen/ article/98/2/106/227225/Changes-in-the-Maternal-Hypothalamic-Pituitary. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Silvestri R, Aricò I. Sleep disorders in pregnancy. Sleep Science. 2019;12(3):232.

Dhaliwal SS, Keller J, Le HN, Lewin DS. 0676 Sleep Disturbance among Pregnant Women: The Influence of Environmental and Contextual Factors. Sleep. 2019;42(1):A270-1.

Lu Q, Zhang X, Wang Y, Li J, Xu Y, Song X, et al. Sleep disturbances during pregnancy and adverse maternal and foetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2021;58:101436.

Grandner MA, Seixas A, Shetty S, Shenoy S. Sleep duration and diabetes risk: Population trends and potential mechanisms. Curr Diab Rep. 2016;16(11):106.

Piepenbrink RA, Frey WC. Sleep and endocrinology. In: Endocrine Secrets. Elsevier. 2013;494-507.

Tauman R, Many A, Deutsch V, Arvas S, Ascher-Landsberg J, Greenfeld M, et al. Maternal snoring during pregnancy is associated with enhanced fetal erythropoiesis--a preliminary study. Sleep Med. 2011;12(5):518-22.

Johns EC, Hill EA, Williams S, Sabil A, Riha RL, Denison FC, et al. High prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in pregnant women with class III obesity: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(2):423-32.

Tantrakul V, Ingsathit A, Liamsombut S, Rattanasiri S, Kittivoravitkul P, Imsom-Somboon N, et al. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in high-risk pregnancy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Respir Res. 2023;24(1):171.

Pacurari M, Kafoury R, Tchounwou PB, Ndebele K. The Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone system in vascular inflammation and remodeling. Int J Inflam. 2014;689360.

Bors RG, Dima V, Plotogea M, Varlas V. Changes in maternal sleep during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. Romanian J Pediatrics. 2022;71(2):102.

Pandey M, Chauhan M, Awasthi S. Interplay of cytokines in preterm birth. Indian J Med Res. 2017;146(3):316-27.

Mohd Azmi NAS, Juliana N, Azmani S, Mohd Effendy N, Abu IF, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, et al. Cortisol on circadian rhythm and its effect on cardiovascular system. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):676.

Kinsella MT, Monk C. Impact of maternal stress, depression, and anxiety on fetal neurobehavioral development. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2009;52(3):425-40.

Oxford Academic. Endocrine Reviews. Available at: https://academic.oup.com/edrv. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Hattersley AT, Tooke JE. The fetal insulin hypothesis: an alternative explanation of the association of low birthweight with diabetes and vascular disease. Lancet. 1999;353(9166):1789-92.

Hong YH, Lee J-E. Large for gestational age and obesity-related comorbidities. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2021;30(2):124-31.

Kidron D, Bar-Lev Y, Tsarfaty I, Many A, Tauman R. The effect of maternal obstructive sleep apnea on the placenta. Sleep. 2019;42(6).

Pacheco D. Pregnancy sleeping positions. Sleep Foundation. 2022. Available at: https://www.sleep foundation.org/pregnancy/pregnancy-sleep-positions. Accessed on 21 June 2023.

Polo‐Kantola P. Sleep disturbances in pregnancy: Why and how should we manage them? Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2022;101(3):270-2.