Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa in atertiary care centre: a record based retrospective case series study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20232958Keywords:
Placenta previa, Maternal perinatal, Morbidity mortalityAbstract
Background: Placenta previa occurs when the placenta is situated wholly or partially in the lower uterine segment. It is one of the leading causes for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It occurs in 4 to 5 cases out of 1000 pregnancies and remains a significant cause for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective of this study is to know the maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa.
Methods: It is a retrospective case series study. Data of 51 pregnant women diagnosed with placenta previa managed at SNMC and HSK hospital between January 21 to December 22 were retrieved and analyzed.
Results: Incidence of placenta previa was found to be 1.6% of 3135 deliveries at the given time. Among 51 cases of placenta previa, 7.84% delivered vaginally, 92.16% underwent caesarean section. 45.10% were early preterm, 29.41% had late preterm delivery, 25.49% had term deliver, 49.02% had h/o previous LSCS, 7.8% had history of d and e, 17.65% had h/o abortion, 11.76 % still born. Blood transfusion was done for 27.45% of women, post-partum haemorrhage was documented in 21.56%, 7.84% needed ICU admission and there were no documented peri-partum hysterectomy upon any of these women.
Conclusions: The availability of advanced emergency obstetric care across greater number of referral hospitals has been responsible to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with many complicated obstetric conditions. However the challenge is that as this condition is confirmed by ultrasound, women should take regular antenatal check-ups, should be counselled and made aware of the complications associated with this condition so that adequate and appropriate management can be planned and executed for better maternal and perinatal outcome also with on time referral to tertiary care centre where there is required multidisciplinary team, adequate availability of blood and blood products, NICU and ICU facilities where these high risk caesarean be managed efficiently the potential to limit maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity caused due to placenta previa can be greatly reduced.
References
Williams A. Obstetrics. 26th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2022.
Fernando A. Arias’ Practical Guide to High-Risk Pregnancy and Delivery. 4th ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2015.
Dutta DC. Antepartum haemorrhage. In: Textbook of Obstetrics 8th ed. Delhi: Jaypee publications; 2015: 282-302.
Wasim T, Bushra N, Riaz S, Iqbal HI. Fetomaternal outcome in patients with placenta previa. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):952-7.
Krupa BM, Asha S, Geetha P, Vanisha A, Shruthi S. Pregnancy Outcomes in various types of placenta previa: a clinical study. J Gynecol Women’s Health. 2021:21(5):556.
Kassem GA, Alzahrani AK. Maternal and neonatal outcomes of placenta previa and placenta accreta: three years of experience with a two-consultant approach. Int J Womens Health. 2013;5:803-10.
Prasanth S, Mehta P, Rajeshwari KS. Maternal and fetal outcome of placenta previa in a tertiary care Institute: A prospective two-year study. Indian J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2016;3(3):274-8.
Hebbar A, Shripad S. Influence of placental position on obstetric morbidity in placenta previa. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2014;3(3):585.
Das SK, Das BP, Baruah Z. Incidence of placenta previa in post caesarean pregnancy and maternal outcome. Indian J Appl Res. 2019;9(11):33-5.
Gilliam M, Rosenberg D, Davis F. The likelihood of placenta previa with greater number of caesarean deliveries and higher parity. Obstet Gynecol. 2002; 99(6):976-80.
