Risk factors associated with post cesarean surgical site wound infection in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university, Bangladesh

Kaniz Fatema; Mustafa Abrar Zaman; Kuragamage Dona Prabuddhi Thiloka Kuragama; Maria Elie Daher; Tripti Rani Das; Hasna Hena Pervin

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20232928

Authors

Kaniz Fatema Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Mustafa Abrar Zaman St. George’s University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Kuragamage Dona Prabuddhi Thiloka Kuragama St. George’s University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Maria Elie Daher St. George’s University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Tripti Rani Das Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Hasna Hena Pervin Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20232928

Keywords:

Caesarean, Delivery, Surgical, Infection

Abstract

Background: Caesarean section is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in hospitals. Surgical site infections are a common complication after a caesarean section (C-section) and mainly responsible for increased maternal mortality and morbidity, the dissatisfaction of patients, longer hospital stays as well as higher treatment costs.

Methods: This prospective cohort was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh included 400 women (247 emergency CS, 153 elective CS) from September 2019 to August 2020. Data were collected through consent, medical record reviews, and questionnaires. SSI risk factors were assessed, and wound examinations were conducted before discharge. STATA 14.0 was used for analysis. Participants were educated about SSI symptoms and monitored for 30 days post-operation.

Results: Nulliparous individuals were more common in the emergency CS group (61.5% vs. 32% in Elective CS). Ruptured membranes were higher in emergency CS (71.7% vs. 2.6% in elective CS). Prophylactic antibiotic usage differed significantly (88.7% in emergency CS vs. 3.9% in elective CS). Post-discharge wound infections were more prevalent in emergency CS (10.53% vs. 2.61% in elective CS). No significant differences were found in other parameters. High-risk factors included BMI >30 and operation time ≥45 min.

Conclusion: SSI rates may be underestimated with limited hospital observation. Prolonged operation times (>38 min) and high BMI (>30) significantly increased SSI risk. Identifying high-risk subgroups and administering antibiotics accordingly can help prevent SSI and reduce unnecessary antibiotic use.

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