Unveiling ovarian carcinosarcoma: a rare case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20243218Keywords:
Ovarian carcinosarcoma, Malignant mixed Müllerian tumor, Biphasic malignancy, Cytoreductive surgery, Paclitaxel, CarboplatinAbstract
Ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS), also known as malignant mixed Müllerian tumor, is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm, accounting for only 1-4% of all ovarian cancers. Characterised by both high-grade epithelial and mesenchymal components, it typically presents at an advanced stage, contributing to poor prognosis and low survival rates. A 36-year-old multiparous woman presented with progressive abdominal distention, pain, and gastrointestinal complaints. Her CA-125 levels were elevated (834 U/ml) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings revealed a large abdominopelvic mass. Histopathological examination confirmed OCS, with immunohistochemistry (IHC) showing positivity for pan-cytokeratin (PanCK) and S100, and negativity for WT1 on trucut biopsy. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin, followed by interval debulking surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Despite limited data on OCS, the case highlights the importance of cytoreductive surgery, optimal chemotherapy regimens, and emerging molecular-targeted therapies such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and bevacizumab. Further research, including OCS-specific trials, is necessary to refine treatment approaches.
Metrics
References
Boussios S, Karathanasi A, Zakynthinakis-Kyriakou N, Tsiouris AK, Chatziantoniou AA, Kanellos FS, et al. Ovarian carcinosarcoma: current developments and future perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2019;134:46-55.
Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Matsuzaki S, Roman LD, Sood AK, Matsuo K. Uterine carci- nosarcoma: contemporary clinical summary, molecular updates, and future research opportunity. Gynecol Oncol. 2021;160:586-601.
Ismail A, Choi S, Boussios S. Frontiers of Ovarian Carcinosarcoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2023;24(12):1667-82.
Hollis RL, Croy I, Churchman M, Bartos C, Rye T, Gourley C, et al. Ovarian carcinosarcoma is a distinct form of ovarian cancer with poorer survival compared to tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2022;127(6):1034-42.
Fu J. Management of a rare ovarian carcinosarcoma: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med. 2022;24(3):583.
McConechy MK, Hoang LN, Chui MH, Senz J, Yang W, Rozenberg N, et al. In-depth molecular profiling of the biphasic components of uterine carcinosarcomas. J Pathol. 2015;1:173-85.
Carter JH, Deddens JA, Mueller G, Lewis TG, 55. Dooley MK, Robillard MC, et al. Transcription factors WT1 and p53 combined: a prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer. 2018;119:462-70.
Armstrong DK, Alvarez RD, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Barroilhet L, Behbakht K, Berchuck A, et al. Ovarian Cancer, Version 2.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021;19:191-226.