A study of efficacy of pap smear in a rural medical college and hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20243952Keywords:
Dysplasia, Human papilloma virus, Pap smear, Screening, Cancer cervixAbstract
Background: To screen women for cervical cancer using pap smear technique in rural medical college and hospital. To compare the results with other studies early diagnosis of precancerous lesion of carcinoma of cervix To bring awareness among public. Cervical screening using age, symptoms, per speculum examination as parameters and to compare results with other studies.
Methods: In this retrospective study, reports of pap smear test, which was done to women attending obstetrics and gynaecology clinic in the period January 2024 to August 2024, was obtained from department of pathology of Adichunchanagiri institute of medical sciences, B. G. Nagara. During this period total of 620 smears were assessed.
Results: 38.01% had white discharge per vagina, 67.76% had other symptoms like irregular menstrual cycle, abdominal pain, intermenstrual bleeding, secondary amenorrhea etc, 9.2% had no symptoms. Total of 31 (5.12%) smears were found abnormal. Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in 2.4%, Atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) in 1.32%, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in 0.66% and high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 0.33%.
Conclusions: Pap smear is a simple, cost effective, easily accessible screening test which has to be utilised for early detection and treatment of precancerous lesions of carcinoma cervix. Awareness among rural people regarding benefits of screening test has to be made and encourage them to participate
Metrics
References
Srivastava AN, Misra JS, Srivastava S, Das BC, Gupta S. Cervical cancer screening in rural India: Status & current concepts. Indian J Med Res. 2018;148(6):687-96.
Sachan PL, Singh M, Patel ML, Sachan R. A Study on Cervical Cancer Screening Using Pap Smear Test and Clinical Correlation. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5(3):337-41.
Chakma R, Shetty A, Anusha KS, Prasad N, Yatnatti S, Nikhil PV. Screening for Cervical Cancer in Female Housekeeping Staff by Pap Smear: Our Experience from A Tertiary Care Centre in A Rural Region of Karnataka, India. J Med Sci Health 2023;9(3):263-8.
Goel S, Chauhan S, Tevatia MS, Gupta I, Gupta K. A study of cervical cancer screening in symptomatic women, using pap smear as recommended in rural hospital area of Haryana. Int J Acad Med Pharm. 2023; 5 (2); 1637-41
Nkwabong E, Laure Bessi Badjan I, Sando Z. Pap smear accuracy for the diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions. Trop Doct. 2019;49(1):34-9.
Pahwa A, Gore S, Goyal ND, Nandre V. Study on Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Using PAP Smear Attending Gynaecology Opd in Tertiary Care Rural Government Hospital in Central India. Med J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;9(2):1147.
Han Fredric Nauth. History of Gynecological Cytology. In: Nauth, Hans Friedrich. Gynecologic cytology; 1st edition. Thieme Medical Publication, 2007:3-4
Kitchen FL, Cox CM. Papanicolaou Smear. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470165/. Accessed on 17th March 2024.
World Health Organization. Cervical Cancer. World Health Organization; 2024. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer. Accessed on 17th March 2024.
Karunakaran U, Thekkandathil N, Divakaran B, Joseph MM, Kannankai S, et al. Cervical Cancer Screening Program – A Camp Based Cross Sectional Study Among Rural Women in North Kerala. Sci J Public Health. 2017;5(3):215-23
Gajalakshmi CK, Krishnamurthi S, Ananth R, Shanta V. Cervical cancer screening in Tamilnadu, India: a feasibility study of training the village health nurse. Cancer Causes Control. 1996;7(5):520-4.
Khuakoonratt N, Tangjitgamol S, Manusirivithaya S, Khunnarong J, Pataradule K, Thavaramara T, Suekwattana P. Prevalence of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and invasive cervical cancer in patients with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) at cervical pap smear. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2008;9(2):253-7.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
