Study of compliance of depot medroxy progesterone acetate in contraception in a tertiary care hospital

Nandita Kaushal; S. D. Shirodker; Ananya Mukherjee; Manish Kokne

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20250055

Authors

Nandita Kaushal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, TNMC and BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
S. D. Shirodker Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HBTMC and Dr. R. N. Cooper Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Ananya Mukherjee Department of Pediatrics, TNMC and BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Manish Kokne Department of Pharmacology, HBTMC and Dr. R. N. Cooper Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20250055

Keywords:

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, Contraceptive compliance, Side effect

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the compliance and continuity of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as a contraceptive method and assess its side effects among women at a tertiary care institution.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a metropolitan teaching hospital, including 45 women aged 20-45 seeking temporary contraception with DMPA.

Results: The majority of participants were aged 25-30 years (40%) and had a parity of two (44.4%). All participants received at least one dose, with 75.5% receiving a second dose and 42.2% completing three doses. Side effects following the first dose were observed in 24.3% of women, mainly irregular bleeding (11.1%), along with amenorrhea, weight gain, and headaches (4.4% each). Adverse effects increased to 50% in the second dose, with irregular bleeding affecting 26.4%, and 47.4% reported side effects after the third dose, primarily weight gain (21.1%) and amenorrhea (15.7%). The timing of administration showed that 36% of participants received DMPA post-abortion, 31.1% post-menstrual, and 27% transitioned from other contraceptives. Side effects peaked with the second dose, while the continuity rate declined from 75.5% after the first dose to 39% after the third.

Conclusions: Despite side effects contributing to decreased continuity, DMPA remains a viable contraceptive option with proper counselling and follow-up. Further research is recommended to explore outcomes in women continuing beyond three doses for better insights into long-term compliance and side-effect management.

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