A case of scar endometriosis: rare entity

Abstract

Scar endometriosis is a rare and challenging condition characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, commonly arising in post-surgical scars. This condition typically follows gynecological or obstetric procedures, such as caesarean sections, episiotomies, or hysterectomies, where endometrial cells become implanted and later proliferate within the scar tissue. Symptoms often include cyclic pain and swelling of the scar that correlates with the menstrual cycle, making clinical diagnosis challenging. The prevalence and pathophysiology of scar endometriosis remain under-researched, though it is recognized as an increasingly reported entity due to heightened awareness and diagnostic advances. This surgical condition is usually mistaken with other surgical conditions. The case here reported is a case of scar endometriosis involving rectus sheath after caesarean section. This patient required surgical excision of the scar lesion. The case report, conclusion and treatment of this rare condition are being discussed further.