Ruptured endometrioma mimicking ovarian malignancy: a case report and literature review

Radha Rani Seelam; Neha Varun; Jyoti Meena; Rajesh Kumari; Vatsla Dadhwal

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251263

Authors

Radha Rani Seelam Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nandyala Medical College, Nandyala, Andhra Pradesh, India
Neha Varun Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Jyoti Meena Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Rajesh Kumari Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Vatsla Dadhwal Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251263

Keywords:

Endometrioma, Ruptured endometrioma, Ovarian malignancy

Abstract

In current practice endometriosis is a rising concern, involving all age groups and relatively less prevalent in perimenopausal age groups. It has a variety of presenting symptoms in perimenopausal age group including severe dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, abdominopelvic mass, acute abdomen with peritonitis and non-specific symptoms like gastritis, diarrhoea, rectal bleeding. High index of suspicion should be there to diagnose a ruptured endometrioma in a perimenopausal female with adnexal mass, peritonitis features and rising serum CA-125 and CA19.9 levels. Here we present a case of ruptured endometrioma mimicking ovarian malignancy in a perimenopausal female.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Endometriosis-World Health Organization-Fact Sheets, 2024. Available at: https://www.who.int/newsroom/factsheets/detail/endometriosis. Accessed on 10 March 2025.

Petruškevičiūtė E, Bužinskienė D. Acute Diffuse Peritonitis Due to Spontaneous Rupture of an Infected Endometrioma: A Case Report. Acta Med Litu. 2021;28(2):360-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15388/Amed.2021.28.2.20

Missmer SA, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Barbieri RL, Marshall LM, Hunter DJ. Incidence of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis by demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;160(8):784-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwh275

Hoyle AT, Puckett Y. Endometrioma. In: Stat Pearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2024.

Foote C, Smith AD, Milward A, Mojica WD, Bailey H, Muscarella P. Spontaneously ruptured endometriomas presenting with symptoms and imaging findings worrisome for carcinomatosis: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2023;105:108078. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108078

Kvaskoff M, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Farland LV, Shigesi N, Terry KL, Harris HR. Endometriosis and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2021;27(2):393-420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmaa045

Evangelinakis N, Grammatikakis I, Salamalekis G, Tziortzioti V, Samaras C, Chrelias C, et al. Prevalence of acute hemoperitoneum in patients with endometriotic ovarian cysts: a 7-year retrospective study. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2009;36(4):254-5.

Young H, Bui TL, Cramer SE, O'Connell R, Houshyar R. Ruptured endometrioma in a nonpregnant patient: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2022;16(1):161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-022-03361-3