Male factor infertility and assisted conception: a 2-year retrospective analysis of pregnancy rates and treatment outcomes

Christopher Orokpo Egbodo; Adikpe Emmanuel Edugbe; Obed Obe Echor; Kehinde Paul Agbowuro; Grace Benjamin; James Bitrus

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251552

Authors

Christopher Orokpo Egbodo Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
Adikpe Emmanuel Edugbe Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-2015
Obed Obe Echor Fertile Ground Hospital and IVF- ET Centre, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Kehinde Paul Agbowuro Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Grace Benjamin Fertile Ground Hospital and IVF- ET Centre, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
James Bitrus Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251552

Keywords:

Assisted conception, IVF, ICSI, Male factor infertility, Pregnancy rate and outcomes

Abstract

Background: Male factor infertility contributes nearly half of the burden of infertility among infertile couples, highlighting the importance of understanding the complex interplay between male reproductive health and fertility outcomes. To investigate the relationship between male factor infertility and pregnancy rates after assisted conception.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of couples attending fertility clinics due to inability to conceive spontaneously. The study focused on the patients seen between October 2022 and September 2024.

Results: Of 298 couples evaluated for infertility during the period under review, 118 had seminal fluid abnormalities of varying degrees, projecting a prevalence of 39.6%. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of 2.26±1.30mL for volume, 15×106±16×106 cells/ml, 32×106±50×106 cells/ejaculate, 14.9±14.3% progressive motility, 15.8±12.5% non-progressive motility and 19.2±15.6% for normal morphology. Nearly 50% had Asthenozoospermia, 33.9% had Oligozoospermia and 13.9% had Azoospermia. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) as the predominantly performed treatment type due poor semen quality. Pregnancy rate and live birth rate were 55.9% and 40.7% respectively. There was no statistically significant correlation between semen parameters and pregnancy rate.

Conclusions: The findings of this study can inform the development of personalized treatment approaches for male infertility and highlight the need for further research to identify the role of individual factor that interferes with semen quality and how it affects fertility outcomes.

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