An observational study of postoperative surgical site infection in abdominal obstetrics and gynecological surgeries in tertiary care set up of south Gujarat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20252720Keywords:
Cesarean section, Infection control, Obstetrics and gynecological surgery, Postoperative morbidityAbstract
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a significant type of healthcare-associated infection, especially following major obstetric and gynecological surgeries. The incidence of SSI varies widely depending on patient health and type of surgery, that impacts hospital resources and patient recovery time. Despite advances in surgical techniques, SSIs remain a major cause of morbidity. This study aimed to investigate risk factors, bacterial patterns, and outcomes associated with postoperative SSIs in obstetric and gynecological surgeries.
Methods: Conducted as a prospective observational study over 10 months in the OG department of a tertiary healthcare center in south Gujarat, 50 patients with post-operative SSIs were consecutively recruited using purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria included major abdominal surgery patients with post-operative SSIs, with exclusions for non-consenting patients, laparoscopic procedures, and surgeries conducted outside the institution.
Results: Among 50 patients, the highest SSI incidence was found in cesarean sections (74%), with abdominal hysterectomies and laparotomies accounting for 16% and 10%, respectively. Most patients (60%) were aged 19-29 years, and 44% had a BMI of 30-39.9. About 52% showed bacterial growth in wound cultures, with E. coli (14%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10%) as predominant organisms. Notable infection-related outcomes included deep skin gaps in 40% of cases and slough formation in 22%.
Conclusions: This study highlighted the risk factors associated with SSIs in abdominal obstetric and gynecological surgeries, emphasizing high infection rates in cesarean deliveries. The findings underscore the importance of targeted infection control & effective postoperative care protocols to improve patient outcomes in this population.
Metrics
References
Andersen BM. Prevention of postoperative wound infections. In: Prevention and Control of Infections in Hospitals: Practice and Theory. Springer; 2018:377-437. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99921-0_33
Seidelman JL, Mantyh CR, Anderson DJ. Surgical site infection prevention: a review. JAMA. 2023;329(3):244-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.24075
Lubega A, Joel B, Justina Lucy N. Incidence and etiology of surgical site infections among emergency postoperative patients in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda. Surg Res Pract. 2017;2017:6365172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6365172
Soujanya L, Harish BB, Narmadha N, Rathika R, Nazeer MJ, Abdul H. Surgical wound infections in obstetrics and gynaecology- a study from rural tertiary care hospital. Int J Innov Res Med Sci. 2017;2(12):1569-72.
Bangal VB, Borawake SK, Shinde KK, Gavhane SP. Study of surgical site infections following gynecological surgery at tertiary care teaching hospital in Rural India. Int J Biomed Res. 2014;5(2):113-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbr.v5i2.527
Pathak A, Mahadik K, Swami MB, Roy PK, Sharma M, Mahadik VK, et al. Incidence and risk factors for surgical site infections in obstetric and gynecological surgeries from a teaching hospital in rural India. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2017;6(1):66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-017-0223-y
Kvalvik SA, Rasmussen S, Thornhill HF, Baghestan E. Risk factors for surgical site infection following cesarean delivery: a hospital‐based case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100(12):2167-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14235
Kulkarni SP, Kothari O. Surgical site infection in obstetric and gynecological surgeries: a prospective observational study. Cureus. 2023;23:124-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34855
Mamo T, Abebe TW, Chichiabellu TY, Anjulo AA. Risk factors for surgical site infections in obstetrics: a retrospective study in an Ethiopian referral hospital. Patient Saf Surg. 2017;11(1):24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13037-017-0138-9
Bharatnur S, Agarwal V. Surgical site infection among gynecological group: risk factors and postoperative effect. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018;7(3):966. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180875
Salmanov AG, Vitiuk AD, Kovalyshyn OA, Terekhov VA, Patey PM, Kutytska TV, et al. Surgical site infection after laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign gynecological disease in Ukraine. Wiadomości Lek. 2022;75(1):251-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek202201218
Black JD, de Haydu C, Fan L, Sheth SS. Surgical site infections in gynecology. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2014;69(8):11-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000000102
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
