Maternal and neonatal outcome in gestational and pregestational diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251953Keywords:
Maternal outcome, Neonatal outcome, Gestational diabetesAbstract
Background: Diabetes during pregnancy increases risks for both mother and baby, despite medical advances. This study evaluates and compares maternal and fetal outcomes in pre-gestational and gestational diabetes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcomes in patients with gestational and pre-gestational diabetes.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, BSMMU, and BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2004 to December 2005, involving 150 pregnant women divided into three groups: 50 non-diabetics, 50 with pre-existing diabetes (PDM), and 50 with gestational diabetes (GDM). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed with SPSS, applying Chi-square and t-tests.
Results: Maternal age and weight were similar across groups (p>0.10). Diabetic patients had significantly more pregnancy complications (66-68%) than non-diabetics (28%) (p<0.05), with higher insulin use in pre-gestational diabetes (90%) (p<0.01). Operative deliveries and post-partum issues were more common in diabetics, though not statistically significant. Pregnancy losses were higher in diabetic groups (14% and 6%) vs. none in non-diabetics (p<0.05). Neonatal resuscitation (65.1%, 59.6%) and morbidities (50%, 38%) were also more frequent in diabetics than in non-diabetics (42% and 20%) (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Well-controlled diabetes, whether pre-gestational or gestational, still poses increased maternal and perinatal risks compared to non-diabetic pregnancies, but with proper preconception management, favourable outcomes are achievable.
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References
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