Determination of caesarean section rate and its trend analysis in a tertiary care tribal preponderant state using Robson’s classification
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251975Keywords:
Robson’s classification, Caesarean section, AuditAbstract
Background: There are certain conditions during delivery where vaginal delivery becomes unsafe. To overcome this situation, caesarean section (CS) is necessary for the safety of the mother and baby. The incidence of CS is rising to improve the outcome of mother and baby; it is a life-saving surgical tool in the process of delivering the baby. Efforts are being made to decrease the rate of CS without adversely affecting the outcome of the mother and baby. Robson’s classification for the indication of CS is an excellent method to audit for the indication of the surgery. However, this classification does not include some important indications like placenta previa, which is on the rise in the present day.
Methods: This study was a hospital-based prospective observational study that enrolled 2066 pregnant females, conducted from October 2023 to September 2024 in a tertiary health centre.
Results: Delivery by vaginal route and CS was 4561 during one year period, 2066 women was delivered by CS accounting an incidence of 45.29%. The majority of patients were in the age group of 20-30 years (75.9%), 82.1% were from rural areas, and the majority of women were unbooked (70%), 57.4% were multiparous, and 51.3% of the patients belonged to the tribal community.
Conclusions: Standardisation of CS indication parameters, regular CS audits, and application of Robson classification for every woman undergoing a CS will be helpful to keep a check on rising CS rates.
Metrics
References
Sung S, Mikes BA, Martingano DJ, Mahdy H. Cesarean Delivery. 2024 Dec 7. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2025.
Golandaj JA, Hallad JS. Levels, trends and socio-economic correlates of caesarean section deliveries District level analysis in Karnataka, India. J Health Res. 2019;33(4):323-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-10-2018-0131
National family health survey. Available at: https://rchiips.org/nfhs/factsheet.shtml. Accessed on 07 May 2024.
WHO. Caesarean section rates continue to rise, amid growing inequalities in access; 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news/item/16-06-2021-caesarean-section-rates-continue-to-rise-amid-growing-inequalities-in-access. Accessed on 07 May 2024.
World Health Organization Human Reproduction Programme, 10 April 2015. WHO Statement on caesarean section rates. Reprod Health Matters. 2015;23(45):149-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhm.2015.07.007
Rudey EL, Leal MDC, Rego G. Caesarean section rates in Brazil: Trend analysis using the Robson classification system. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(17):e19880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000019880
National family health survey (NFHS-5). Available at: http://rchiips.org/nfhs/factsheet_NFHS-5.shtml. Accessed on 07 May 2024.
Jogia PD, Lodhiya KK. Analysis of caesarean sections according to modified Robson’s ten group classification system at a tertiary care centre in Western India. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2019;8(2):433-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190264
Yadav A, Agrawal R, Chawang KR, Garg R. Analysis of Cesarean Section Rate using Robson 10 Group Classification System in a Tertiary Hospital: An Observational Study. Global J Med Res. 2021;21(E4):13-8.
Roy N, Mishra PK, Mishra VK, Chattu VK, Varandani S, Batham SK. Changing scenario of C-section delivery in India: Understanding the maternal health concern and its associated predictors. J Family Med Prim Care. 2021;10(11):4182-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_585_21
Parveen R, Khakwani M, Naz A, Bhatti R. Analysis of Cesarean Sections using Robson's Ten Group Classification System. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(2):567-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.3823
Baser A, Sharma S, Kumar S, Sabu A, Gupta A, Shaikh SS. Indication for Caesarean Section as per Robsons’s Criteria: An Analysis of 5000 Consecutive Caesarean Cases. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae. 2021;13(1):22-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1861
Deepika J, Pallavi S, Anil M, Jiteshwar P. Analysis of caesarean sections using Robson’s classification system in a tertiary care centre in Northern India: an emerging concept to audit the increasing caesarean section rate. Int J Reproduct Contracept Obstetr Gynaecol. 2021;10(6):2281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20212162
Wahane AR, Ghaisas AS. Analysis of caesarean sections according to Robson’s criteria at a tertiary care teaching hospital in central India. Int J Reproduct Contracept Obstetr Gynaecol. 2020;9(10):4221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20204317
Pravina P, Ranjana R, Goel N. Cesarean Audit Using Robson Classification at a Tertiary Care Center in Bihar: A Retrospective Study. Cureus. 2022;14(3):e23133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.23133
Ahmed N, r. Zinnatun N, Masih N. Evaluation of Various Indications of Caesarean Section in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh. Sch Int J Obstet Gynec. 2021;4(4):173-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2021.v04i04.016