Clinicopathological evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in peri menopausal women

Authors

  • Saurabh Soni Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • K. Ambala Devi Department of Pathology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Laishram Bimolchandra Singh Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Rakshitha G. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Archana Nayak Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Anupam Rout Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Janurani Rangsha Marak Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Aishwarya H. K. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
  • Anesh Kumar Biswakarma Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20253095

Keywords:

Abnormal uterine bleeding, Menopause, Leiomyoma, Adenomyosis

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a frequently encountered gynaecological complaint in perimenopausal women and also the most common cause of hysterectomy in their age group. The current study was carried out to evaluate various presentations of perimenopausal Abnormal uterine bleeding and to correlate with histopathological examination of the dilation and curettage (D&C) sample of endometrium.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 at a tertiary care hospital in Imphal, among 190 abnormal uterine bleeding cases. Data were collected in a predesigned proforma and analysed using SPSS Version 21.0. Descriptive statistics were used to express the findings. Ethical approval was obtained and informed consent was taken.

Results: The mean age of the study subjects or participants was 45.67±5.58 years. The majority of the cases were aged 41-50 years, Hinduism dominated, educated up to 12th class, self-employed, and living in a joint family. Heavy uterine bleeding was the common presentation. The USG findings were 80.5% sensitive and 100% specific to diagnose leiomyomas; in adenomyosis, USG is more sensitive (100%) and specific (100%). Clinically, leiomyoma was the most common suspected cause of AUB; radiologically, 50% of leiomyomas and post-hysterectomy histopathological findings showed that 62.1% were leiomyoma, among which 98.9% were proliferative. Only 21% were adenomyosis. The endometrial pattern was 63.7% proliferative, 21.6% secretory, 14.7% disordered proliferative.

Conclusions: The abnormal uterine bleeding was common in middle-aged women and heavy bleeding was the common presentation. The proliferative leiomyomas are the major causes for AUB followed by adenomyosis.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Elmaoğulları S, Aycan Z. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in adolescents. Journal of clinical research in Paediatric Endocrinology. 2018;10(3):191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.0014

Kumar P, Malhotra N. Abnormal and Excessive Uterine Bleeding. Jeffcoate's Principles of Gynaecology. 7th ed. Arnold. 2008:613-16.

Choudhary S, Berkley C, Warren M. Perimenopausal vaginal bleeding: Diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic options. Journal of women's health 2011;21(3):302-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2011.2949

McCluggage WG. My approach to the interpretation of endometrial biopsies and curettings, J Clin Pathol. 2006;59:801-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2005.029702

Verma D, Verma A. Histopathological correlation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2016;5(7):2343-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20162124

Singh K, Agarwal C, Pujani M, Raychaudhuri S, Sharma N, Chauhan V, et al. A clinicopathological correlation of international federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics's PALM–COEIN classification of abnormal uterine bleeding: Indian scenario. Journal of Mid-Life Health. 2019;10(3):147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jmh.JMH_128_18

Mahapatra M, Mishra P. Clinicopathological evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. Journal of Health Research and Reviews. 2015;2(2):45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2394-2010.160904

Begum J, Samal R. A clinicopathological evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding and its correlation with risk factors for developing endometrial hyperplasia and cancer: A hospital-based prospective study. Journal of mid-life health. 2019;10(4):179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jmh.JMH_136_18

Doddamani UG, Doddamani GB, Katageri G, Mallapur A. Clinicopathological correlation of endometrium in abnormal uterine bleeding. Sch J App Med Sci. 2014;2(1A):46-9.

Shukla S, Acharya N, Gadge A, Phatak S. Comparative study of transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy for the detection of endometrial lesions in women with abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age group. Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2018;10(3):155-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1580

Samal R, Vaithy AS, Habeebullah S. Clinicopathological analysis of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive and post-menopausal women in a tertiary care center of South eastern part of India. Indian J Obstet Gynecol Res. 2020;7(1):66-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2020.014

Bhosle A, Fonseca M. Evaluation and histopathological correlation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in perimenopausal women. Bombay Hosp J. 2010;52(1):69-72.

Jindal H, Bhandari S, Singh A, Raina A, Garg PK. Clinicopathological evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal female. International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology 2024;7(1):18-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/pathol.2024.v7.i1a.550

Mishra J, Nigam N, Rathod I. Study of histopathology of endometrium in perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2023;12(9):2750-6.

Pidugu SS, Balla Sudha Rani. Clinicopathological Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Perimenopausal Women. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2023;16(12):260-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i12.50237

Uhasai K, Naik D, P R. Efficacy of MRI Over Ultrasound in Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding with Histopathological Correlation. Cureus. 2023;15(5):e38560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38560

Gupta A, Rathore AM, Manaktala U, Rudingwa P. Evaluation and histopathological correlation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. IJBAR. 2013;4(8):509-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v4i8.258

Sinha K, Gurung P, Sinha HH, Bhadani PP. Study on abnormal uterine bleeding among adult women in a tertiary care hospital in Bihar, India. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018;7(8):3136-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183305

Jain P, Arya SB, Pant H, Sinha M, Sah S, Goel R. To study the clinico- pathological correlation in abnormal uterine bleeding. Int J Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2021:5:111-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/gynae.2021.v5.i3b.913

Kumari A, Kumar R. Abnormal uterine bleeding in peri-menopausal age: An observational study. Indian J Obstet Gynecol Res. 2018;5(4):539-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18231/2394-2754.2018.0121

Nair R, Mallikarjuna M. Clinical profile of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding at a tertiary care hospital. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2015;4(6):175357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20151224

Lotha L, Borah A. Clinicopathological evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2016;5(9):3072-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20162987

Sudhamani S, Sunila, Sirmukaddam S, Agrawal D. Clinicopathological study of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. J Sci Soc. 2015;42:3-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-5009.149457

Padmaja VGJ, Quadri SSS, Kumar SO. Histomorphological Profile of Endometrium Perimenopausal Bleeding. IAIM, 2016; 3(7):255-9.

Mishra J, Nigam N, Rathod I. Study of histopathology of endometrium in perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Int J Reprod Contracep Obst Gynecol. 2023;12(9):2750-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20232733

Radhika K, Gomathy E. Clinico-pathological correlation of AUB patients undergoing hysterectomy in a rural tertiary care centre. Indian J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2019;6(4):495-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2019.107

Mirza T, Akram S, Mirza A, Aziz S, Mirza T, Mustansar T. Histpathological pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding in endometrial biopsies. J Basic Appl Sci. 2012;8(1):114–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.01.25

Downloads

Published

2025-09-26

How to Cite

Soni, S., Devi, K. A., Singh, L. B., G., R., Nayak, A., Rout, A., Marak, J. R., H. K., A., & Biswakarma, A. K. (2025). Clinicopathological evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in peri menopausal women. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 14(10), 3475–3479. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20253095

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles