Fetomaternal outcome in placenta previa - a retrospective study in teaching hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20162989Keywords:
Placenta previa, Low lying, Bleeding per vagina, Antepartum hemorrhageAbstract
Background: Prevalence of Placenta previa is found to vary between 0.5% of all pregnancies. Placenta previa is one of the major causes of antepartum hemorrhage and is also important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in India.
Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in department of OBG, Mandya Institute of Medical Science, Mandya for a period of five years from January 2011 to December 2015. All cases of placenta previa during pregnancy admitted during this period were included in the study. All case records were obtained from medical record section and carefully analyzed to find out the incidence, various types of placenta previa, its clinical presentation and its outcome in relation to mode of delivery, birth weight, and maternal, maternal and perinatal morbidity.
Results: The prevalence of placenta previa was 0.2% and was more commonly present among multiparous women (75.8%). Most common type was type 1 placenta previa in 23 (37.2%) cases followed by type 2 in19 cases (30.6%). 13 cases (20.9%) were of complete placenta previa which was similar to study conducted by Vaishali et al. Out of 62 cases, 10 (16.1%) had atonic PPH and 2 cases underwent peripartum hysterectomy. All cases of perinatal mortality were between 28 to 30 weeks weighing between 1-1.2 kg associated with complete placenta previa in 3 cases and type 3 (incomplete) in 2 cases. There was no maternal mortality in this study.
Conclusions: Managing a case of placenta previa during pregnancy poses a great challenge to every obstetrician in present day obstetrics due its increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications.References
Crane JM, Van den Hof MC, Dodds L, Armson BA, Liston R. Maternal complications with placenta previa. Am J Perinatol. 2000;17:101-5.
Sekiguchi A, Nakai A, Kawabata I, Hayashi M, Takeshita T. Type and location of placenta previa affect preterm delivery risk related to antepartum hemorrhage. Int J Med sci. 2013;10(2):1683-8.
Faiz AS, Ananth CV. Etiology and risk factors for placenta previa: an overview and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2003;13:175-90.
Jang DG, We JS, Shin JU, Choi YJ, Ko HS. Maternal outcomes according to placental position in placental previa. Int J med Sci. 2011;8(5):439-44.
Nankali A, Keshavarzi F, Shajari A, Daeichin S. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2014;4:903-8.
Kollmann M, Gaulhofer J, lang U, Klaritsc P. Placenta previa: incidence, risk factors and outcome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016;29(9):1395-8.
Kaur B, Dhar T, Sohli I. Incidence, risk factors and neonatal outcomes of placenta previa presenting as antepartum hemorrhage in tertiary care centre of north India. International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences. 2015;5(3):58-61.
Shinde V, Rachkonda L. A study on maternal and neonatal outcomes in placenta previa in a tertiary level hospital in India. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Inventions. 2015:2(12):1480-4.
Bhatt AD, Meena A, Desai MR. Maternal and perinatal outcome in cases of placenta previa. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 2014;3(1):299-301.
Jain S, Jain N, Dahiya P, Rohilla S, Malik R. Perinatal outcome in antepartum hemorrhage in teaching hospital of northern India- A prospective study. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 2015;5(2):1-6.
