A study of cytological pattern of cervical papanicolaou smears in western Rajasthan, India

Kiran Rawat; Narendra Rawat; Navgeet Mathur; Medha Mathur; Nitesh Chauhan; Rajat Tinna; Rahul Kakkar

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20163009

Authors

Kiran Rawat Department of Pathology, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Narendra Rawat Department of General Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Navgeet Mathur Department of General Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Medha Mathur Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajasthan, India
Nitesh Chauhan Department of General Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Rajat Tinna Department of General Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Rahul Kakkar Department of General Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20163009

Keywords:

Cervical pattern, Bethesda system, Pap smear

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers of Indian females. Western Rajasthan differs a lot from rest of India in respect of geographical conditions, environment, culture, population density etc. and it also has relatively lower literacy rate which is one of the risk factor for many diseases. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cervical cytological pattern in females of western Rajasthan by using conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for the screening of inflammatory, premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at tertiary care institute of western Rajasthan for 1.5 year duration, on 1768 females who were screened by Pap smear examination. After staining with conventional Papanicolaou technique, all smears were classified as per Bethesda nomenclature.

Results: Out of 1768 smears 1039 (58.7%) were abnormal Pap smears, 445 (25.1%) were normal Pap smears while 284 (16.1%) smears had inadequate sample material to be examined. Out of 1039 abnormal smears, 956 (92.01%) smears reported to have inflammatory/reactive changes whereas 26 (2.50%) had atrophic changes in Pap smear and abnormality in epithelial cell was reported in 57(5.49%) smears.

Conclusions: Pap smear examination is an effective screening procedure to detect cervical cytological abnormalities. Routine cytological screening by Pap smear should be offered to all women above 19 years or within 3 years of sexual activity. It is recommended to improve the awareness about the disease amongst females and skills of health care personal about proper preparation of Pap smear.

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