High maternal haemoglobin and its relation to pregnancy induced hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20151244Keywords:
PIH, Maternal haemoglobin, Pregnant women, HypertensionAbstract
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is poorly understood condition of human pregnancy. It is a pregnancy specific disorder that can affect virtually every organ system. Exact cause is not known, thought to be multifactorial. The underlying pathology is endothelial dysfunction and intensive vasospasm, affecting almost all vessels. The responsible agent for dysfunction and vasospasm, still not been isolated precisely. So we have done the study to know the association of first trimester, high maternal haemoglobin with occurrence of PIH.
Methods: The longitudinal study was conducted in the 400 pregnant women, who were enrolled in first trimester of pregnancy and followed till the delivery, with 200 pregnant women with haemoglobin >13gm% as cases and 200 pregnant women haemoglobin 11 to 13 gm% as controls. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-square test.
Results: The pregnant women with higher haemoglobin concentration in first trimester had higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia (PIH) comparing to other pregnant women (p <0.0001).
Conclusions: High haemoglobin concentration in first trimester of pregnancy can be considered as risk factor Pregnancy induced hypertension.
References
Text book of Obstetrics. D.C. Dutta 6th edition 2004 D.C. Dutta, Text book of obstetrics, Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. New Central Book Agency 6th Edition; 2004: 222.
Sibai BM. Hypertension in pregnancy. In: S.G. Gabbe, J R Niebyl, J. L. Simpson editors. Obst. Normal and problem of pregnancies. 3rd edition, New York: Churchill Livingstone. 1996: 935991.
Williams Obstetrics, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Mc Graw-Hill, 21st Edition. 2001: 568.
Aziz R, Mahboob T. Pre-eclampsia and lipid profile. Pak J Med Sci. 2007:23(5);751-4.
Wang A, Rana S, Karumanchi SA. Preeclampsia: The Role of Angiogenic Factors in its Pathogenesis: Physiology: 2009:24;147-58.
Roberts JM, Cooper DW. Pathogenesis and genetics of preeclampsia. Lancet. 200;357:53-6.
Lopez-Jaramillo P, Casas JP, Serrano N. Preeclampsia: from epidemiology observation to molecular mechanisms. Brazil J Med Biol Res. 2001;34:1227-35.
Aghamohammadi A, Zafari M, Tofighi M. High maternal hemoglobin concentration in first trimester as risk factor for pregnancy induced hypertension. Caspian J Intern Med. 2011;2(1):194-197.
Tarim E, Kilicdag E, Bagis T, Ergin T. High maternal hemoglobin and ferritin values as risk factors forgestational diabetes. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2004;84:259-61.
Vedernikov Y, Saade GR, Garfield RE. Vascular Reactivity in Preeclampsia. Lancet. 1999;23:34-4.
Williams OBSTETRICS, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Mc Graw-Hill, 23rd Edition: 2010.
Murphy JF, O'Riordan J, Newcombe J, Coles EC, Pearson JF. Relation of haemoglobin levels in first and second trimesters to outcome of pregnancy. Lancet. 1986;1:992–5.
Sarrel PM, Lindsay DC, Poole-Wilson PA, Collins P. Hypothesis: inhibition of endothelium-derived relaxing factor by haemoglobin in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Lancet. 1990;336:1030–2.
Gunningham FG, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. In; Eastman NJ. Hellman LM, eds. William obstetrics.19th ed. Norwalk CT: Appleton and Lange. 1993:763-818.
Chappel LL, Bewley S. Pre-eclamptic toxaemia: the role of uterine artery Doppler. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;105:379–82.
Walker JJ. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet. 2000;356:1260–5.
