Prevalence and identification of Candida sp. in pregnant women using VITEK-2

Authors

  • Sujata P. Mishra Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IMS and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  • Chita R. Sahoo Central Research Laboratory, IMS and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  • Siba N. Rath Central Research Laboratory, IMS and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  • Rabindra N. Padhy Central Research Laboratory, IMS and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175242

Keywords:

Candidiasis, C. albicans, Pregnant women, VITEK-2

Abstract

Background: Candida sp. is seen in several areas of body such as, mouth, groin area including vagina and digestive tract as thrush or gastroenteritis. The slide-culture technique and the VITEK-2 automated system were used for species-identification of the fungus; nonetheless, a gold standard or any first identification method would have inherent errors in arriving at a correct identification of a microorganism at species level.

Methods: Morphological fungal criteria were ascertained with germ tubes, glucose agar, sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests Candida from vaginal swabs and other clinical samples of 85 infected pregnant women with diabetes, by growing swab lots on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) plates, the slide culture technique and the VITEK-2 automated system.

Results: Of 85 patients, 122 isolates in SDA culture were determined as 7 Candida sp.  with number of isolates of each species, as follows: 47 C. albicans, 9 C. famata, 11 C. glabrata, 13 C. guilliermondii, 8 C. krusei, 3 C. parapsilosis and 37 C. tropicalis from vaginal swabs. From 60 vaginal swabs, 46 urine samples and 12 throat swabs it was seen that C. albicans was most prevalent. However, withVITEK-2, 201 fungal strains were identified; Candida sp. was isolated in all samples: 59 C. albicans, 19 C. famata, 21 C. glabrata, 23 C. guilliermondii,18 C. krusei, 13 C. parapsilosis and 48 C. tropicalis.

Conclusions: The most prevalent species among the isolated fungi was C. albicans, causing VC in diabetic pregnant women.

References

Al-Hedaithy SS. Spectrum and proteinase production of yeasts causing vaginitis in Saudi Arabian women. Med Sci Monit. 2002;8:498-501.

Arora DR, Arora B. Textbook of microbiology. 3rd Edn. CBS, India. 2008:653-771.

Workowski KA, Bolan GA, Centers for disease control and prevention. sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015;64:1-137.

Brandolt TM, Klafke GB, Goncalves CV, Bitencourt LR, Martinez AM, Mendes JF et al. Prevalence of Candida spp. in cervical-vaginal samples and the in vitro susceptibility of isolates. Braz J Microbiol. 2017 Mar;48(1):145-50.

Giraldo PC, Araújo ED, Junior JE, Amaral RLG, Passos MRL, Gonçalves AK. The prevalence of urogenital infections in pregnant women experiencing preterm and full-term labor. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2012;2012:1-4.

Zhou X, Westman R, Hickey R. Vaginal microbiota of women with frequent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Infect Immun. 2009;77:4130-5.

Lindau ST, Mendoza K, Surawska H, Jordan JA. Vaginal swab measurement of candidiasis in wave I of the national social life, health & aging project (NSHAP), NORC and the university of Chicago. Chicago core on biomarkers in population-based aging research. 2007. Available at, http://biomarkers.uchicago.edu/pdfs/TR-Vaginal%20 Candidiasis.pdf.

Goswami D, Goswami R, Banerjee U, Dadhwal V, Miglani S, Lattif AA, Kochupillai N. Pattern of Candida species isolated from patients with diabetes mellitus and vulvovaginal candidiasis and their response to single dose oral fluconazole therapy. Infect J. 2006;522:111-7.

Rath SN, Panda M, Sahu MC, Padhy RN. Bayesian analysis of two diagnostic methods for paediatric ringworm infections in a teaching hospital. J Mycol Méd. 2015;25:191-9.

Pilmis B, Jullien V, Sobel J, Lecuit M, Lortholary O, Charlier C. Antifungal drugs during pregnancy: an updated review. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014 Sep 8;70(1):14-22.

Sobel JD. The emergence of non-albicans Candida species as causes of invasive candidiasis and candidemia. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2006;8:427-33.

Park SD, Young Uh, Jang IH, Kap JY, Jong HS. Comparison of ATB FUNGUS 2 and VITEK-2 Antifungal Susceptibility (AST-YS01) Tests for Candida species isolated from blood culture. Korean J Clin Microbiol. 2010;13:114-20.

Nwadioha SI, Egah DZ, Alao OO, Iheanacho E. Prevalence of vaginal candidiasis among pregnant women attending Al-Hada military hospital, Western region, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Nigerian J Clin Med Res. 2010;2:110-3.

Mirela B, Mirsada H. Candida albicans and non-albicans species as etiological agent of vaginitis in pregnant and non-pregnant women, Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences. 2010;2:89-97.

Eman EY, Hussien SA. Candida vulvo vaginitis in pregnancy. Fac Med Baghdad. 2010;52:183-5.

Downloads

Published

2017-11-23

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles