Asymptomatic bacteriuria and antibacterial susceptibility during pregnancy

Authors

  • Anjana Verma Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology GMCH, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Anamika Vyas Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Lalit Shrimali Department of Medicine, GMCH, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Medhavi Sharma Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology GMCH, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20160379

Keywords:

Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Antibacterial susceptibility, Pyelonephritis, Nitrofurantoin

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections are more common in women than in men and still more in pregnant women because of anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy. Incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria is 2-10% globally and it is still more in developing countries. Untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria can lead to many prenatal and maternal complications; hence early detection and treatment is of considerable importance.

Methods: Total 220 pregnant women at their first visit were screened during one year. Midstream urine samples were inoculated and results were interpreted after 24-48 hours.

Results: Incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 12.27%. E. coli was the commonest pathogen detected and Nitrofurantoin was found to be effective against commonest pathogens.

Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy can have varied presentations and misdiagnosis can be seen in Surgical, Medical and Gynaecology Universal screening of aymptomatic bacteriuria is recommended because of its high prevalence and prenatal and maternal complications, if left untreated. Nitrofurantoin can be advocated because of its low cost and high effectiveness where culture is not possible because of inadequate resources.

 

References

Girishbabu RJ, Srikrishna R, Ramesh ST. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011;2(3):740-2.

Delzell JE, Lefevre ML. Urinary tract infections during pregnancy. American family physician. 2000;61(3):713-21.

Le J, Briggs GG, Mckeown A, Bustillo G. Urinary tract infections during pregnancy. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38(10):1692-701.

Jones CA, Woodman PJ, Ruiz HE, Urinary tract infections in pregnancy. E Medicine. 2009. http://emedicinemedscape.com/article/452604_overview

Smaill F, Vazquez JC. Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Cochrane database Syst Rev. 2007;18(2):CD000490.

Foxman B. Epidemeology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity and economic costs. Am J Med. 2002;113(1 A):55-135.

Gayathree L, Shetty S, Deshpande SR, Venkatesh DT. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. An evaluation of various screening tests in Hassan District Hospital, India. JCDR. 2010;(4);2702-6.

Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: U.S Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(4):505-6.

Bandyopadhyay S. Thakur JS, Ray P, Kumar R. High prevalence of bacteriuria in pregnancy and its screening methods in North India. J.Indian Med Assoc. 2005;103:259-62.

Jain V, Das V, Aggarwal A, Pandey A. Asymptomatic bacteriuria and obstetric outcome following treatment in early versus late pregnancy in North Indian women. Indian J Med Res. 2013:753-8.

Khattak MA, Khattak S, Khan H, Ashiq B, Mohammad D, Rafiq M. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. Pak J Med Sci. 2006;22:162-6.

Ullah AM, Barman A, Siddique MA, Haque AkME. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its consequences in pregnancy in a rural community of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2007;33:60-4.

Performance standards for Antimicrobial Disc Susceptibilty Tests; Approved Standard Eleventh Edition M02-A11. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, PA. USA. 2012;32(1).

Sujatha R, Narwani M. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its antibacterial susceptibility pattern among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Kanpur, India. J Clin Diag Res. 2014;8(4): DCO1- DC03.

Praveen K, Momen A, Ara Begum A, Begum M. Prevalence of Urinary tract infection in pregnancy. J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hosp .2011;17(02):8-12.

Onuh, SO, Umeora, OUJ, Igberase, Go, Azikem ME, Okpere, EE. Microbiological isolates and sensitivity patterns of urinary tact infection in pregnancy in Benin City, Nigeria, Ebonyi Medical Journal. 2006;5(2);48-52.

Sharma JB, Agarwal Sh, Singhal S, Kumar S, Roy KK. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and other urological problems during pregnancy. A questionare based study. 2009;4:00 PDT.

Laboratory aspects of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. South east Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2002;33(3):575-80.

Lumbiganon P, Laopaiboon M, Thinkhamrop J. Screening and treating asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2010;22:95-9.

Celen S, Oruc AS, Karayalcin R, Saygan S, Vnlu S Polat B. asymptomatic bacteriuria and antibacterial susceptibility patterns in an obstetric population. ISRN Obstet Gynecol. 2011;721872:1-4.

Adam T, Lim SS, Mehta S, Butta ZA, Fogstad H, Mathai M. Achieving the millennium development goals for health cost effectiveness analysis of strategies for maternal and neonatal health in developing countries. BMJ. 2005;331:1107-12.

Downloads

Published

2016-12-17

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles