Gestational diabetes mellitus and obstetric outcomes in a Ghanaian community

Authors

  • Ahmed Tijani Bawah Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  • Robert Amadu Ngala Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
  • Mohammed Mustapha Seini Department of Laboratory, Greater Accra Regional Hospital, Accra, Ghana
  • Francis Abeku Ussher Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health and Allied Science, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Ghana
  • Huseini Alidu Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  • Joshua Dokurugu Kwame Wumbee Quality Control Unit, Kumasi Technical University, Kumasi, Ghana
  • Francis Agyeman Yeboah Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20185424

Keywords:

Cesarean operation, Gestational diabetes mellitus, Stillbirth

Abstract

Background: This study was aimed at evaluating effect of Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal characteristics on pregnancy outcomes. GDM has several risk factors including; advanced maternal age, ethnic background, obesity and family history of diabetes mellitus. These pregnancy complications are associated with fetal morbidity and mortality and may lead to macrosomia and shoulder dystocia. Others are stillbirth, miscarriages, preterm and small for gestational age babies.

Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study which compared maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcome among pregnant women with and without GDM. Diagnosis of GDM was done in accordance with the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Weight and height were determined and Body mass index (BMI) calculated. Pregnancy outcome was determined at the end of pregnancy and information on maternal characteristics obtained using questionnaire and patient folders.

Results: Those who developed GDM were significantly older (OR=1.772; 95% CI=1.432-2.192; P<0.0001) and had higher BMI (OR=1.637; 95% CI=1.004-1.289; P=0.044) than those who did not. A significant number of those who developed GDM also had stillbirths (OR= 5.188; 95% CI=1.093-24.613; p=0.038) and cesarean deliveries (OR=14.362; 95% CI=3.661-56.335; p= 0.001).

Conclusions: Women who develop GDM are more likely to deliver stillborn or macrosmic babies and may require surgical intervention in order to have normal deliveries.

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Published

2018-12-26

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2019): January 2019

Section

Original Research Articles