Study of prevalence and determinants of polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls in rural area: a prospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193524Keywords:
Adolescence, B.M.I, Oligomenorrhea, Hirsutism, PCOS, Waist-Hip ratioAbstract
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrinological disorder affecting 5-10% of women in the reproductive age. This prevalence ranging from 2.2% to 26% in adult women from 18-45 year. In a recent study the prevalence of a confirmed diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years was 5-15%, which increased to 10-22%. When undiagnosed cases with documented symptoms qualifying for PCOS according to NIH (National institute of Health) criteria were included. PCOS is a complex endocrine disorder which is most common in women of reproductive age. PCOS may first present in adolescence, but the incidence of PCOS in adolescence is not known, as diagnostic criteria for PCOS in the adolescent age-group is still not defined, PCOS symptoms tend to overlap with normal pubertal changes making the diagnosis even more challenging. The objective is to study prevalence and symptomatology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescent girls.
Methods: Prospective Cross sectional study between April 2018 and March 2019. 150 adolescent girls aged 10 to 19 years attending OPD with oligomenorrhea, irregular menstrual cycle, obesity and/or hirsutism were advised for biochemical, hormonal, and ultrasonographic evaluation for diagnosis of PCOS on the basis of Rotterdam's criteria at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed University, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Results: Prevalence of PCOS in the study was 17.33% in the study group.
Conclusions: PCOS is increasingly encountered during adolescence, although the overall prevalence is low and evaluation of PCOS in adolescents is challenging. At this age, lifestyle modification is imperative to prevent long-term metabolic and reproductive complications.
References
Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, Diamanti- Kandarakis E, Escobar-Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. Positions statement: criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:4237-45.
Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R. Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: A prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:3078-82.
Kansra AR. Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. J Clinic Outcomes Management. 2016;23(5).
Kamboj MK, Bonny AE. Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence: diagnostic and therapeutic trategies. Translational Pediatr. 2017;6(4):248.
Nidhi R, Padmalatha V, Nagarathna R, Amritanshu R. Prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome in Indian adolescents. J Pediatr Adolescent Gynecol. 2011;24(4):223-7.
Biradar KD, Shamanewadi AN. A descriptive study of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescent girls among a tertiary care hospital of Bangalore. Indian J Basic Applied Med Res. 2015;4(2):453-5.
Kahsar-Miller MD, Nixon C, Boots LR, Go RC, Azziz R. Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS. Fertil Steril. 2001;75(l):53-8.
Joseph N, Reddy AG, Joy D, Patel V, Santhosh P, Das S, et al. Study on the proportion and determinants of polycystic ovarian syndrome among health sciences students in South India. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2016;7(2):166.
Joshi B, Mukherjee S, Patil A, Purandare A, Chauhan S, Vaidya R. A cross-sectional study of polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent and young girls in Mumbai, India. Indian J Endocrinol Metabol. 2014;18(3):317.
Maslyanskaya S, Talib HJ, Northridge JL. Polycystic ovary syndrome: an under-recognized cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents admitted to a children's hospital. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30:349.
Singh A, Vijaya K. Prevalence of pcos among adolescent girls: a prospective study. IJRCOG. 2018;7;4375.
Pathak G, Nichter M. Pcos in globalizing india:an ecosocialpe respective on an emerging lifestyle disease. Soc Sci Med. 2015;146:21-8.
