A prospective study of demographic profile, risk factors and pregnancy outcome in Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus positive pregnant women in a tertiary care centre

Arti Sharma; Shubhra Agarwal; Garima Bajpai; Anupriya Singh; Nikita Agarwal; Shweta Mishra

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20202317

Authors

Arti Sharma Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Shubhra Agarwal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Garima Bajpai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Anupriya Singh Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Nikita Agarwal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Shweta Mishra Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20202317

Keywords:

Antenatal women, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Transmission

Abstract

Background: Viral hepatitis is the most common liver disease in pregnancy and is also the most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy in tropical countries. Risk factors for transmission are intravenous drug abuse, surgical and dental procedures done without adequate sterilization of instruments, sexual route etc. Early diagnosis and management can prevent maternal and fetal complications. This study was done to evaluate the frequency, risk factors and pregnancy outcome in hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive antenatal women.

Methods: This case control study was conducted in Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India from January 2017 to June 2018 on total 2511 pregnant women. The serum samples were checked for presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and presence of IgG antibodies to HCV. Analysis of sociodemographic profile, risk factors and pregnancy outcome were done in all HBV and HCV positive women.

Results: Out of 2511 pregnant women, 292 were tested positive for hepatitis. Maximum number of women were in the age group of 21-30 years. Most of the seropositive women were multipara. Frequency of positivity was maximum for HCV (67.1%). The risk factors for transmission in study population were intravenous drug abuse, blood transfusion, history of surgery and tattooing.

Conclusions: Hepatitis infection rate is increasing. Universal screening for HBV and HCV can be recommended in pregnant women in developing countries. Education and awareness of public and health care workers can reduce the risk of transmission.

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