COVID-19 and pregnancy: the fruitful experience of the university hospital of Tangier Morocco with hydroxychloroquine and anti-retroviral treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20210749Keywords:
Pregnancy, Corona virus 2019, HydroxychloroquineAbstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the emerging virus, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization as a global public health emergency. Since the first case of COVID-19 was declared the Moroccan government set up drastic preventative measures to deal with the spread of the virus such as compulsory containment, telework, distance education, use of masks in public places, and many other preventive measures. Pregnant women require special attention in relation to prevention, diagnosis and management. We herein reported a prospective observational study that aims to evaluate the security and effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine on pregnant women with corona virus disease. Our study is a prospective study performed in the three hospitals specialized on corona virus disease 2019 in tangier morocco. We included pregnant women hospitalized with COVID-19 and reproductive-aged. Most cases took the hydroxychloroquine treatment. The maternal outcomes under hydroxychloroquine appear good in most cases for both mother and child and seemed to be safe according to several studies on its use for rheumatic diseases. In the absence of more robust data, this treatment might be best practice in countries that can’t afford the expensive antiviral treatment in this outbreak especially in emergency situations.
References
Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic. Acta bio-medica: Atenei Parmensis 2020;91(1):157-60
Weetman AP. Immunity, thyroid function and pregnancy: molecular mechanisms. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2010;6(6):311-8.
Longman RE, Johnson TR. Viral respiratory disease in pregnancy. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2007;19(2):120-5.
Creanga AA, Johnson TF, Graitcer SB, Hartman LK, Al-Samarrai T, Schwarz AG, et al. Severity of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115(4):717-26.
Qiancheng X, Jian S, Lingling P, Lei H, Xiaogan J, Weihua L, et al. The sixth batch of Anhui medical team aiding Wuhan for COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy. Int J Infect Diseas. 2020.
Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020;395(10226):809-15.
Lam CM, Wong SF, Leung TN, Chow KM, Ho LC. A case-controlled study comparing clinical course and outcomes of pregnant and non-pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;111(8):771-4.
Schwartz DA. An Analysis of 38 Pregnant Women with COVID-19, Their Newborn Infants, and Maternal-Fetal Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Pregnancy Outcomes. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020.
Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C, Peng S, Zhang L, Chang G, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr. 2020;9:51–60.
Poon LC, Yang H, Dumont S, et al. ISUOG Interim Guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and puerperium: information for healthcare professionals - an update. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020;55(6):848-62.
Hiratsuka M, Minakami H, Koshizuka S, Sato I. Administration of interferon-alpha during pregnancy: effects on fetus. J Perinatal Medic. 2000;28(5):372-6.
Liang H, Acharya G. Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: What clinical recommendations to follow? Acta obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2020;99(4):439-42.
Motta M, Tincani A, Faden D, Zinzini E, Lojacono A, Marchesi A, Frassi M, Biasini C, Zatti S, Chirico G. Follow-up of infants exposed to hydroxychloroquine given to mothers during pregnancy and lactation. J Perinatol. 2005;25(2):86-9.
Sciascia S, Hunt BJ, Talavera-Garcia E, Lliso G, Khamashta MA, Cuadrado MJ. The impact of hydroxychloroquine treatment on pregnancy outcome in women with antiphospholipid antibodies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(2):273.e1-8.
Osadchy A, Ratnapalan T, Koren G. Ocular toxicity in children exposed in utero to antimalarial drugs: review of the literature. J Rheumat. 2011;38:2504-8.
Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Amoura Z, Duhaut P. Safety of hydroxychloroquine in pregnant patients with connective tissue diseases: a study of one hundred thirty-three cases compared with a control group. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:3207-11.
Bertsias G, Ioannidis JP, Boletis J. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Report of a Task Force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:195-205.
