Study of incidence of urinary tract infection during pregnancy and its effect on maternal and perinatal outcome

Authors

  • Suman Mahor Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology SZH, GMC Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • Ritika Malviya Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology SZH, GMC Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • Ritu Goyal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DDU Hospital, Harinagar, New Delhi, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211127

Keywords:

FGR, LBW, PPROM, UTI

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection is the commonest bacterial infection in pregnancy, especially in developing countries like India. It has several adverse outcomes not only in the mother but also in the fetus. This study aims to determine the incidence of UTI during pregnancy, the commonest micro-organism causing UTI, and to find out the impact of such infection on maternal and fetal outcomes.

Methods: This observational study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital, New Delhi over a period of 10 months. A total of 196 pregnant women attending the outdoor hospital for ANC check-up without any medical disorder or previous adverse pregnancy outcomes were included in this study. Urine routine microscopy was done as a screening test for UTI. They were followed through their pregnancy and puerperium due to any pregnancy complication and perinatal outcome.

Results: Incidence of urinary tract infection was 12.2%, of which 8.2% were asymptomatic and 4.08% were symptomatic. It was found that the incidence of UTI was highest in the age group of 18 to 25 years and also found that UTI was more common in the second (16.7%) and third (16.7%) trimester and lowest in the first trimester (5.7%). Women who had anaemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm labour, chorioamnionitis, perinatal mortality, and puerperal pyrexia had a high incidence of UTI than those who had not.

Conclusions: From this study, we concluded that screening for UTI should be a part of routine antenatal care, and also there is a need to initiate an awareness program to educate women about UTI and their adverse fetomaternal outcome so that prompt and effective treatment can be done.

References

Radha S, Nambisan B, Prabhakaran NK, Jamal S. Prevalence and outcome of asymptomatic bacteriuria in early pregnancy. International J Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetr Gynecol. 2016;6(1):223-7.

Kass EH. Pregnancy, pyelonephritis and prematurity. Clinical obstetrics and Gynaecol. 1970;13(2):239-54.

Vazquez JC, Villar J. Treatments for symptomatic urinary tract infections during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;4.

Cunningham FG. Williams Obstetrics 24th edition McGraw-Hill Education.

Masinde A, Gumodoka B, Kilonzo A, Mshana SE. Prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. Tanzania J Health Res. 2009;11(3).

Schulman A, Herlinger H. Urinary tract dilatation in pregnancy. The British J Radiol. 1975;48(572):638-45.

Murtaza ME. Urinary tract infection in pregnancy. A survey in women attending antenatal clinic in Kenyatta national hospital by Murtaza muzaffer Essajee-2002. M. Med (obs/gyn) Thesis University of Nairobi. 2002.

Sujatha R, Nawani M. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its antibacterial susceptibility pattern among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Kanpur, India. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2014;8(4):DC01-03.

Mazor-Dray E, Levy A, Schlaeffer F, Sheiner E. Maternal urinary tract infection: is it independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcome?. The Journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine. 2009;22(2):124-8.

Gilstrap LC, Ramin SM. Urinary tract infections during pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics. 2001;28(3):581-91.

Mazor-Dray E, Levy A, Schlaeffer F, Sheiner E. Maternal urinary tract infection: is it independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcome?. The Journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine. 2009;22(2):124-8.

Marahatta R, Dhungel BA, Pradhan P, Rai SK, Choudhury DR. Asymptomatic bacteriurea among pregnant women visiting Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Nepal Med Coll J. 2011;13(2):107-10.

Siemefo Kamgang FD, Maise HC, Moodley J. Pregnant women admitted with urinary tract infections to a public sector hospital in South Africa: Are there lessons to learn?. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2016;31(3):79-83.

Verma A, Baheti S, Sharma M. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and its relation to perinatal outcome. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecol. 2016;5(12):4390-6.

Prabhavathi V, Krishnamma B, Prasad DK. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among antenatal women and its effects on maternal and perinatal outcome in northern Andhra Pradesh population. International J Advances in Medic. 2018;5(1):179-85.

Turck M, Goffe BS, Petersdorf RG. Bacteriuria of pregnancy. Relation to socioeconomic factors. N Engl J Med. 1962;266:857-60.

Abubakar LU, Onchaga SK, Abdallah FK. Are antepartum urinary tract infections associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in Kenya?. African Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2017;5(4).

Kant S, Lohiya A, Kapil A, Gupta SK. Urinary tract infection among pregnant women at a secondary level hospital in Northern India. Indian J Pub Health. 2017;61(2):118.

Kavitha V, Reddy AN, Nagireddy N, Pasha MM, Anvesh D, Kiran MS. Prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women in the region of Warangal. IJPBS. 2015;5(3):136-44.

Rajshekhar, Kerure, Umashankar. Prevalance of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital. International J Sci Res. 2013:11(3);2250-53.

Michael E, Wadhwani R. Urinary tract infection and its effect on outcome of pregnancy. 2017:4(2);108-11.

Manjula NG, Math GC, Patil A, Gaddad SM, Shivannavar CT. Incidence of urinary tract infections and its aetiological agents among pregnant women in Karnataka region. Advances in Microbiol. 2013;3(06):473.

Downloads

Published

2021-03-24

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles