The obstetric factors and outcome of adolescent pregnancy having IUGR babies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20212142Keywords:
Adolescent pregnancy, Pregnancy outcome, Intrauterine growth retardationAbstract
Introduction: Adolescent childbearing is still a common social and health concern in Bangladesh. Adolescent maternity is causally associated with many poor obstetric complications. Low birth weight is one of the most common problems in adolescent pregnancy and majority of these LBW babies is due to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The aim of the study was to evaluate the obstetric factors and outcomes of adolescent pregnancy having IUGR babies.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive type of study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from the period of January 2012 to June 2012. In this present study, 150 adolescent mothers selected. Sample technique was purposive sampling. Detailed medical, obstetric and neonatal information recorded on a designed data sheet. Data were analyzed using statistical program SPSS.
Results: The mean age of all adolescent mothers was 18.14±0.85, while mean age at marriage found 16.24. All the adolescent respondents were married and 9 out of 10 were living with husband (91%). Higher proportion (70%) of Hindu respondents delivered IUGR babies. 60% pregnancies were unplanned, of them, 36% developed IUGR. High proportion of maternal and neonatal complications found among the mothers having IUGR babies. More common maternal complication were severe anemia (65%), fetal distress (56.2%), oligohydramnios (43.8%), pre-¬eclampsia (35.4%), eclampsia (33.3%), PPH (23%), puerperal sepsis (14.6%) and more common neonatal complications were birth asphyxia (96%), hypoglycemia (83%), hyperbilirubinemia (8.3%) and sepsis (8.3%).
Conclusions: Adolescent pregnancy complicated with IUGR demonstrated higher proportion of maternal complications like severe anemia, pre-¬eclampsia, eclampsia, oligohydramnios, PPH, and adverse perinatal outcome.
References
National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), and ICF. 2019. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18: Key Indicators. Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, and ICF.
National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), and MEASURE Evaluation. (2019). Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2016: Final Report. Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Chapel Hill, NC, USA: NIPORT, icddr,b, and MEASURE Evaluation.
Darroch J, Woog V, Bankole A, Ashford LS. Adding it up: Costs and benefits of meeting the contraceptive needs of adolescents. New York: Guttmacher Institute. 2016.
Ferraz EM, Gray RH, Cunha TM. Determinants of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation in north-east Brazil. Int J Epidomiology. 1990;19:101-08.
Pal A, Gupta KB, Randhawa I. Adolescent pregnancy: a high risk group. J Indian Med Assoc. 1997;95(5):127-8.
Fikree FF, Berenes HW. Risk factors for term intrauterine growth retardation Community based study in Karachi. Bull WHO. 1994;72(4)581-7.
Launer LJ, Villar J, Kestler E, de Onis M. The effect of maternal work on fetal growth and duration of pregnancy: a prospective study. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97:62-70.
Tafari N, Naeye RL, Gobezie A. Effects of maternal undernutrition and heavy physical work during pregnancy on birth weight. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1980;87:222-6.
Orvos H, Nyirati I, Hajdú J, Pál A, Nyári T, Kovács L. Is adolescent pregnancy associated with adverse perinatal outcome? Journal of Perinatal Medicine. 1999;27(3):199-203.
Picciano MF. Pregnancy and lactation. In: EE Ziegler, LJ Filer jr, eds. Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 7th ed. Washington: ILSI Press. 1996;384-95.
Nutrient Needs of Adolescents and Women Before and During Pregnancy. Mary Story and Juli Hermanson. Indian J Pediatr. 2007;74(10):927-31.
Islam MZ, Akhtaruzzaman M, Lamberg-Allardt C. Nutritional status of women in Bangladesh: comparison of energy intake and nutritional status of a low income rural group with a high income urban group Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr. 2004;13(1):61-8.
Jolly MC, Sebire N, Harris J, Robinson S, Reganl. Obstetric risk of pregnancy in women less than 18 years old. Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;96(6):962-6.
Briggs MM, Hopman WM, Jamieson MA. Comparing Pregnancy in Adolescents and Adults: Obstetric Outcomes and Prevalence of Anemia. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2005;29(7):546-5.
Gulrukh Q. Obstetric charecteristics and complication of teenage pregnancy. JPMI. 2011;25(2):134-8.
YildirimY, Inal MM, Tinar S. Reproductive and obstetric characteristics of adolescent pregnancies in Turkish women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2005;18:249-53.
Wilson K, Damle LF, Huang CC, Landy HL, Gomez-Lobo V. Are Adolescent Pregnancies Associated with Adverse Outcomes? J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2012;25(2012):e49ee55.
Kumar A, Singh T, Basu S, Pandey S,Bhargava V. Outcome of teenage pregnancy. Indian J Pediatr. 2007;74(10):927-31.
Ashworth A. Effects of intrauterine growth retardation on mortality and morbidity in infants and young children. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1998;52(S1):34-42.